महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-230, verse-10

तपसा तदवाप्नोति यद्भूत्वा सृजते जगत् ।
तद्भूतश्च ततः सर्वो भूतानां भवति प्रभुः ॥१०॥

10. tapasā tadavāpnoti yadbhūtvā sṛjate jagat ,
tadbhūtaśca tataḥ sarvo bhūtānāṁ bhavati prabhuḥ.

10. tapasā tad avāpnoti yat bhūtvā sṛjate jagat
tadbhūtaḥ ca tataḥ sarvaḥ bhūtānām bhavati prabhuḥ

10. tapasā (puruṣaḥ) tat avāpnoti yat (svarūpam) bhūtvā (saḥ) jagat sṛjate.
ca tataḥ tadbhūtaḥ (saḥ) sarvaḥ bhūtānām prabhuḥ bhavati.

10. Through austerity (tapas), one attains that (supreme reality) which, having become it, one creates the universe. And having become that (supreme reality), one then becomes the lord of all beings.

Words meanings summery:

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, through penance (tapas)

• तद् (tad) - that supreme reality, Brahman (that, it)

• अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - he obtains, he attains

• यत् (yat) - which, whatever

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

• सृजते (sṛjate) - he creates, he releases

• जगत् (jagat) - the world, the universe

• तद्भूतः (tadbhūtaḥ) - having become that, identified with that

• च (ca) - and

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - as the lord of all (beings) (all, everyone, complete)

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures, of all existent things

• भवति (bhavati) - he becomes, he is

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - lord, master, mighty

Words meanings and morphology

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, through penance (tapas)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Means by which attainment occurs.

तद् (tad) - that supreme reality, Brahman (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'avāpnoti'.

अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - he obtains, he attains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of avāp

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Main verb.

यत् (yat) - which, whatever

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'tad'.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From root bhū- 'to be, to become' with suffix -tvā

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Describes a state achieved before 'sṛjate'.

सृजते (sṛjate) - he creates, he releases

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sṛj

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Active creation in the context of a divine being.

जगत् (jagat) - the world, the universe

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - moving, living; the world, the universe

Present active participle of gam- 'to go'

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'sṛjate'.

तद्भूतः (tadbhūtaḥ) - having become that, identified with that

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tadbhūta

tadbhūta - having become that, identical with that

Compound (bahuvrīhi) of tad and bhūta

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tad+bhūta)

• tad – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• bhūta – become, been, existing; being, creature
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhū- 'to be, to become'
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject of 'bhavati'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates sequence.

सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - as the lord of all (beings) (all, everyone, complete)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Qualifies the implied subject of 'bhavati', here implying 'lord of all'.

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures, of all existent things

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element; what has been

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

From root bhū- 'to be, to become'

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Possessive case for 'prabhuḥ'.

भवति (bhavati) - he becomes, he is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - lord, master, mighty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, powerful, eminent

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'bhavati'.