महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-206, verse-18

संजातैर्जायते गात्रैः कर्मजैर्ब्रह्मणा वृतः ।
दुःखाद्यन्तैर्दुःखमध्यैर्नरः शारीरमानसैः ॥१८॥

18. saṁjātairjāyate gātraiḥ karmajairbrahmaṇā vṛtaḥ ,
duḥkhādyantairduḥkhamadhyairnaraḥ śārīramānasaiḥ.

18. saṃjātaiḥ jāyate gātraiḥ karmajaiḥ brahmaṇā vṛtaḥ
duḥkhādyantaiḥ duḥkhamadhyaiḥ naraḥ śārīramānasaiḥ

18. naraḥ brahmaṇā vṛtaḥ karmajaiḥ saṃjātaiḥ gātraiḥ (sahitaḥ)
duḥkhādyantaiḥ duḥkhamadhyaiḥ śārīramānasaiḥ (ca) jāyate

18. A human being (naraḥ) is born with limbs that arise from past actions (karma), enveloped by the creator (Brahmā). (He is also born) with bodily and mental (conditions/sufferings) whose beginning, middle, and end are suffering.

Words meanings summery:

• संजातैः (saṁjātaiḥ) - refers to the limbs/body parts (by those born together, by those arisen, by those produced)

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, comes into being

• गात्रैः (gātraiḥ) - by the limbs, by the body parts

• कर्मजैः (karmajaiḥ) - refers to the limbs/body parts which are results of past actions (by those born of actions (karma))

• ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by the creator god Brahmā (by Brahmā, by the Brahman)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - enveloped or created by Brahmā (covered, surrounded, enveloped, chosen)

• दुःखाद्यन्तैः (duḥkhādyantaiḥ) - refers to the bodily and mental conditions/sufferings of human existence (by those whose beginning and end are suffering)

• दुःखमध्यैः (duḥkhamadhyaiḥ) - refers to the bodily and mental conditions/sufferings of human existence (by those whose middle is suffering)

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, human being

• शारीरमानसैः (śārīramānasaiḥ) - refers to causes of suffering that are physical and psychological (by bodily and mental (things/sufferings))

Words meanings and morphology

संजातैः (saṁjātaiḥ) - refers to the limbs/body parts (by those born together, by those arisen, by those produced)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of saṃjāta

saṁjāta - born, arisen, produced, come into existence

Past Passive Participle

From sam-jan (to be born, arise).

Prefix: sam

Root: jan (class 4)

जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, comes into being

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jā

present

Root jan (P. 4. A.) with passive sense, or deponent.

Root: jan (class 4)

गात्रैः (gātraiḥ) - by the limbs, by the body parts

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of gātra

gātra - limb, body, body part

From root gam (to go) or gā (to sing).

Root: gam (class 1)

कर्मजैः (karmajaiḥ) - refers to the limbs/body parts which are results of past actions (by those born of actions (karma))

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of karmaja

karmaja - born of actions, produced by karma

Compound of karma and ja (born).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karma+ja)

• karma – action, deed, ritual, consequence of action
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  From root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by the creator god Brahmā (by Brahmā, by the Brahman)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator god)

Masculine noun, n-stem.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - enveloped or created by Brahmā (covered, surrounded, enveloped, chosen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - covered, enveloped, surrounded, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover, enclose, choose).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

दुःखाद्यन्तैः (duḥkhādyantaiḥ) - refers to the bodily and mental conditions/sufferings of human existence (by those whose beginning and end are suffering)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of duḥkhādyanta

duḥkhādyanta - whose beginning and end are suffering (duḥkha)

Compound of duḥkha, ādi, and anta.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (duḥkha+ādi+anta)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery, unhappiness
  noun (neuter)
• ādi – beginning, commencement, et cetera
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ad (class 2)
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ant (class 1)

Note: The adjective is agreeing with śārīramānasaiḥ.

दुःखमध्यैः (duḥkhamadhyaiḥ) - refers to the bodily and mental conditions/sufferings of human existence (by those whose middle is suffering)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of duḥkhamadhya

duḥkhamadhya - whose middle is suffering (duḥkha)

Compound of duḥkha and madhya.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (duḥkha+madhya)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery, unhappiness
  noun (neuter)
• madhya – middle, center
  noun (neuter)

Note: The adjective is agreeing with śārīramānasaiḥ.

नरः (naraḥ) - man, human being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human, person

Root: nṛ

Note: Subject of jāyate.

शारीरमानसैः (śārīramānasaiḥ) - refers to causes of suffering that are physical and psychological (by bodily and mental (things/sufferings))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śārīramānasa

śārīramānasa - bodily and mental

Dvaṃdva compound of śārīra and mānasa.

Compound type : dvaṃdva (śārīra+mānasa)

• śārīra – bodily, corporeal
  adjective (neuter)
  From śarīra (body) + -a suffix.
• mānasa – mental, spiritual, pertaining to the mind
  adjective (neuter)
  From manas (mind) + -a suffix.