महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-157, verse-6

एतेषामुदयं स्थानं क्षयं च पुरुषोत्तम ।
हन्त ते वर्तयिष्यामि तन्मे निगदतः शृणु ॥६॥

6. eteṣāmudayaṁ sthānaṁ kṣayaṁ ca puruṣottama ,
hanta te vartayiṣyāmi tanme nigadataḥ śṛṇu.

6. eteṣām udayam sthānam kṣayam ca puruṣottama
hanta te vartayiṣyāmi tat me nigadataḥ śṛṇu

6. puruṣottama hanta te eteṣām udayam sthānam
ca kṣayam vartayiṣyāmi nigadataḥ me tat śṛṇu

6. O best among men, indeed, I shall explain to you the origin, continued existence, and destruction of these (vices). Listen to that from me as I speak.

Words meanings summery:

• एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these

• उदयम् (udayam) - origin, rise, ascent

• स्थानम् (sthānam) - place, condition, existence

• क्षयम् (kṣayam) - destruction, decay, loss

• च (ca) - and

• पुरुषोत्तम (puruṣottama) - O best of persons, O highest among men

• हन्त (hanta) - indeed, oh!, alas!

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• वर्तयिष्यामि (vartayiṣyāmi) - I will explain, I will relate, I will cause to proceed

• तत् (tat) - that

• मे (me) - from me, by me, to me

• निगदतः (nigadataḥ) - of one who is speaking, from one who is speaking

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! hear!

Words meanings and morphology

एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of etat

etat - this, that

उदयम् (udayam) - origin, rise, ascent

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udaya

udaya - rising, appearance, origin, prosperity

Derived from root i with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

स्थानम् (sthānam) - place, condition, existence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sthāna

sthāna - standing, place, position, state, existence

Root: sthā (class 1)

क्षयम् (kṣayam) - destruction, decay, loss

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, loss, decline, consumption

Derived from root kṣi

Root: kṣi (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पुरुषोत्तम (puruṣottama) - O best of persons, O highest among men

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣottama

puruṣottama - best of men, supreme person

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+uttama)

• puruṣa – man, person, individual
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – highest, best, chief
  adjective

हन्त (hanta) - indeed, oh!, alas!

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

वर्तयिष्यामि (vartayiṣyāmi) - I will explain, I will relate, I will cause to proceed

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future indicative (lṛṭ) of vartay

Causative form of root vṛt

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मे (me) - from me, by me, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

निगदतः (nigadataḥ) - of one who is speaking, from one who is speaking

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nigadat

nigadat - speaking, declaring

Present Active Participle

Derived from root gad with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: gad (class 1)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! hear!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)