महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-157, verse-12

सत्त्वत्यागात्तु मात्सर्यमहितानि च सेवते ।
एतत्तु क्षीयते तात साधूनामुपसेवनात् ॥१२॥

12. sattvatyāgāttu mātsaryamahitāni ca sevate ,
etattu kṣīyate tāta sādhūnāmupasevanāt.

12. sattvatyāgāt tu mātsaryam ahitāni ca sevate
etat tu kṣīyate tāta sādhūnām upasevanāt

12. tāta sattvatyāgāt tu mātsaryam ca ahitāni
sevate etat tu sādhūnām upasevanāt kṣīyate

12. Indeed, by abandoning one's intrinsic nature (sattva), one yields to envy and indulges in harmful actions. But, dear one, this (tendency) diminishes through association with virtuous people.

Words meanings summery:

• सत्त्वत्यागात् (sattvatyāgāt) - from abandoning goodness, from forsaking integrity, from giving up sattva

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• मात्सर्यम् (mātsaryam) - envy, jealousy, covetousness

• अहितानि (ahitāni) - harmful things, unbeneficial things

• च (ca) - and

• सेवते (sevate) - one serves, one indulges in, one resorts to

• एतत् (etat) - this, that

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• क्षीयते (kṣīyate) - diminishes, is destroyed, wastes away

• तात (tāta) - dear one, father, son (term of endearment)

• साधूनाम् (sādhūnām) - of virtuous people, of good ones

• उपसेवनात् (upasevanāt) - from association, through serving, by attending

Words meanings and morphology

सत्त्वत्यागात् (sattvatyāgāt) - from abandoning goodness, from forsaking integrity, from giving up sattva

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sattvatyāga

sattvatyāga - abandonment of goodness, forsaking integrity, giving up sattva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sattva+tyāga)

• sattva – intrinsic nature, goodness, purity, lucidity, being
  noun (neuter)
• tyāga – abandonment, renunciation, giving up
  noun (masculine)
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

मात्सर्यम् (mātsaryam) - envy, jealousy, covetousness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mātsarya

mātsarya - envy, jealousy, covetousness

अहितानि (ahitāni) - harmful things, unbeneficial things

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of ahita

ahita - harmful, undesirable, unbeneficial

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hita)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• hita – beneficial, good, placed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: dhā (class 3)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सेवते (sevate) - one serves, one indulges in, one resorts to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sev

Root: sev (class 1)

एतत् (etat) - this, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

क्षीयते (kṣīyate) - diminishes, is destroyed, wastes away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kṣī

Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: derived from root kṣi (to destroy)

तात (tāta) - dear one, father, son (term of endearment)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - dear one, father, son

साधूनाम् (sādhūnām) - of virtuous people, of good ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous person, sage

Root: sādh (class 5)

उपसेवनात् (upasevanāt) - from association, through serving, by attending

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of upasevana

upasevana - association, service, attendance

Prefix: upa

Root: sev (class 1)