महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-157, verse-17

कृपणान्सततं दृष्ट्वा ततः संजायते कृपा ।
धर्मनिष्ठां यदा वेत्ति तदा शाम्यति सा कृपा ॥१७॥

17. kṛpaṇānsatataṁ dṛṣṭvā tataḥ saṁjāyate kṛpā ,
dharmaniṣṭhāṁ yadā vetti tadā śāmyati sā kṛpā.

17. kṛpaṇān satatam dṛṣṭvā tataḥ saṃjāyate kṛpā
dharmaniṣṭhām yadā vetti tadā śāmyati sā kṛpā

17. satatam kṛpaṇān dṛṣṭvā tataḥ kṛpā saṃjāyate yadā dharmaniṣṭhām vetti,
tadā sā kṛpā śāmyati

17. Upon constantly observing the miserable, compassion (kṛpā) arises. However, when one understands adherence to natural law (dharma), that compassion (kṛpā) then subsides.

Words meanings summery:

• कृपणान् (kṛpaṇān) - miserable ones, wretched ones, paupers

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly, always, perpetually

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• संजायते (saṁjāyate) - arises, is born

• कृपा (kṛpā) - compassion, pity, mercy

• धर्मनिष्ठाम् (dharmaniṣṭhām) - adherence to natural law (dharma), devotion to duty

• यदा (yadā) - when

• वेत्ति (vetti) - knows, understands, perceives

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• शाम्यति (śāmyati) - subsides, becomes calm, ceases

• सा (sā) - that (feminine)

• कृपा (kṛpā) - compassion, pity

Words meanings and morphology

कृपणान् (kṛpaṇān) - miserable ones, wretched ones, paupers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - miserable, wretched, poor, stingy, contemptible

From root 'kṛp' (to lament) + 'ana' suffix.

Root: kṛp (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

सततम् (satatam) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of 'satata' (constant).

Note: Modifies 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root 'dṛś' (to see) + 'ktvā' suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

From pronoun 'tad' + 'tasil' suffix.

संजायते (saṁjāyate) - arises, is born

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

present

From root 'jan' (to be born) in the Dīvyādi (4th) class, middle voice, with 'sam' upasarga.

Prefix: sam

Root: jan (class 4)

कृपा (kṛpā) - compassion, pity, mercy

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛpā

kṛpā - compassion, pity, mercy

From root 'kṛp' (to lament, to feel pity).

Root: kṛp (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'saṃjāyate'.

धर्मनिष्ठाम् (dharmaniṣṭhām) - adherence to natural law (dharma), devotion to duty

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dharmaniṣṭhā

dharmaniṣṭhā - adherence to natural law (dharma), devotion to duty/righteousness, firmness in righteousness

Compound of 'dharma' (natural law, duty) and 'niṣṭhā' (standing firm, devotion).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (dharma+niṣṭhā)

• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution
  noun (masculine)
• niṣṭhā – firmness, devotion, conclusion, end
  noun (feminine)
  From 'ni' (upasarga) + root 'sthā' (to stand) + 'a' suffix.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vetti'.

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

From pronoun 'yad' + 'dā' suffix.

वेत्ति (vetti) - knows, understands, perceives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vid

present

From root 'vid' (to know), Adādi (2nd) class, parasmaipada.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject is implied (one, he/she).

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From pronoun 'tad' + 'dā' suffix.

शाम्यति (śāmyati) - subsides, becomes calm, ceases

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śam

present

From root 'śam' (to be quiet) in the Dīvyādi (4th) class, parasmaipada.

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Subject is 'sā kṛpā'.

सा (sā) - that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

कृपा (kṛpā) - compassion, pity

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛpā

kṛpā - compassion, pity, mercy

From root 'kṛp' (to lament, to feel pity).

Root: kṛp (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'śāmyati', modified by 'sā'.