महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-157, verse-18

एतान्येव जितान्याहुः प्रशमाच्च त्रयोदश ।
एते हि धार्तराष्ट्राणां सर्वे दोषास्त्रयोदश ।
त्वया सर्वात्मना नित्यं विजिता जेष्यसे च तान् ॥१८॥

18. etānyeva jitānyāhuḥ praśamācca trayodaśa ,
ete hi dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṁ sarve doṣāstrayodaśa ,
tvayā sarvātmanā nityaṁ vijitā jeṣyase ca tān.

18. etāni eva jitāni āhuḥ praśamāt ca
trayodaśa ete hi dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām
sarve doṣāḥ trayodaśa tvayā
sarvātmanā nityam vijitā jeṣyase ca tān

18. praśamāt ca etāni eva trayodaśa jitāni
āhuḥ hi ete sarve trayodaśa doṣāḥ
dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām (santi) tvayā sarvātmanā
nityam vijitā (asti) ca tān jeṣyase

18. These very thirteen are declared to be overcome through tranquility. Indeed, these are all the thirteen faults of the sons of Dhritarashtra. By you, wholeheartedly, this conquest (vijitā) has always been achieved, and you will certainly conquer them.

Words meanings summery:

• एतानि (etāni) - these (thirteen vices/faults) (these (neuter plural))

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• जितानि (jitāni) - conquered, subdued

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• प्रशमात् (praśamāt) - from tranquility, by means of calming

• च (ca) - and

• त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen

• एते (ete) - these (masculine plural)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• धार्तराष्ट्राणाम् (dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām) - of the sons of Dhritarashtra

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• दोषाः (doṣāḥ) - faults, defects, vices

• त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• सर्वात्मना (sarvātmanā) - with your whole self (ātman), wholeheartedly

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• विजिता (vijitā) - this specific conquest (of the thirteen faults) (conquest, victory)

• जेष्यसे (jeṣyase) - you will conquer, you will win

• च (ca) - and

• तान् (tān) - these (thirteen faults) (them (masculine plural))

Words meanings and morphology

एतानि (etāni) - these (thirteen vices/faults) (these (neuter plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'jitāni'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

जितानि (jitāni) - conquered, subdued

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of jita

jita - conquered, subdued, won

Past Passive Participle

From root 'ji' (to conquer) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective, agreeing with 'etāni'.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of brū

perfect (irregular present)

Irregular present 3rd plural of 'brū' (or derived from root 'ah').

Root: brū (class 2)

प्रशमात् (praśamāt) - from tranquility, by means of calming

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of praśama

praśama - tranquility, cessation, calming, pacification

From 'pra' (upasarga) + root 'śam' (to be calm) + 'a' suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Indicates the means or cause.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of trayodaśa

trayodaśa - thirteen

Compound of 'traya' (three) and 'daśa' (ten).

Note: Adjective modifying 'etāni'.

एते (ete) - these (masculine plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of implied 'santi' (are).

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or causal particle.

धार्तराष्ट्राणाम् (dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām) - of the sons of Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhritarashtra, relating to Dhritarashtra

From 'dhṛtarāṣṭra' + 'aṇ' suffix (patronymic).

Note: Possessive, 'of them'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Universal pronoun.

Note: Agrees with 'doṣāḥ'.

दोषाः (doṣāḥ) - faults, defects, vices

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, vice, error

From root 'duṣ' (to be bad) + 'a' suffix.

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject of implied 'santi' (are).

त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of trayodaśa

trayodaśa - thirteen

Compound of 'traya' (three) and 'daśa' (ten).

Note: Adjective modifying 'doṣāḥ'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun.

Note: Agent of action.

सर्वात्मना (sarvātmanā) - with your whole self (ātman), wholeheartedly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sarvātman

sarvātman - the whole soul/self, the universal self (ātman), with all one's heart

Compound of 'sarva' (all) and 'ātman' (self, soul).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sarva+ātman)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun/adjective (masculine/neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

Note: Modifies the action (conquest).

विजिता (vijitā) - this specific conquest (of the thirteen faults) (conquest, victory)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vijitā

vijitā - conquest, victory, a conquered land

From 'vi' (upasarga) + root 'ji' (to conquer) + 'kta' (PPP) as a feminine noun.

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Implied predicate 'is' or 'has been'.

जेष्यसे (jeṣyase) - you will conquer, you will win

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of ji

future

From root 'ji' (to conquer), future tense, middle voice (ātmanepada), 2nd person singular.

Root: ji (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

तान् (tān) - these (thirteen faults) (them (masculine plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, them

Demonstrative pronoun.