महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-157, verse-16

प्रतिकर्तुमशक्याय बलस्थायापकारिणे ।
असूया जायते तीव्रा कारुण्याद्विनिवर्तते ॥१६॥

16. pratikartumaśakyāya balasthāyāpakāriṇe ,
asūyā jāyate tīvrā kāruṇyādvinivartate.

16. pratikartum aśakyāya balasthāya apakāriṇe
asūyā jāyate tīvrā kāruṇyāt vinivartate

16. pratikartum aśakyāya balasthāya apakāriṇe
tīvrā asūyā jāyate kāruṇyāt vinivartate

16. Intense ill-will arises towards a powerful wrongdoer who cannot be counteracted. However, it recedes due to compassion (kāruṇya).

Words meanings summery:

• प्रतिकर्तुम् (pratikartum) - to counteract, to retaliate

• अशक्याय (aśakyāya) - to one who is impossible to overcome/counteract, to the unmanageable

• बलस्थाय (balasthāya) - to one who is powerful, to one in power

• अपकारिणे (apakāriṇe) - to the wrongdoer, to one who harms

• असूया (asūyā) - envy, jealousy, ill-will

• जायते (jāyate) - arises, is born, happens

• तीव्रा (tīvrā) - intense, severe, fierce

• कारुण्यात् (kāruṇyāt) - from compassion, due to compassion

• विनिवर्तते (vinivartate) - recedes, turns away, ceases

Words meanings and morphology

प्रतिकर्तुम् (pratikartum) - to counteract, to retaliate

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Formed from 'prati' (upasarga) + root 'kṛ' (to do) + 'tumun' suffix.

Prefix: prati

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अशक्याय (aśakyāya) - to one who is impossible to overcome/counteract, to the unmanageable

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of aśakya

aśakya - impossible, unmanageable, unconquerable

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Formed from 'na' (negation) + root 'śak' (to be able) + 'ya' suffix. 'na' forms 'a' prefix.

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+śakya)

• na – not, un-
  indeclinable
• śakya – possible, capable of, conquerable
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root 'śak' + 'ya' suffix.
  Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agrees with and modifies 'balasthāya apakāriṇe'.

बलस्थाय (balasthāya) - to one who is powerful, to one in power

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of balastha

balastha - strong, powerful, being in power

Compound of 'bala' (strength) and 'stha' (standing, being).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bala+stha)

• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, being in
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  From root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with and modifies 'apakāriṇe'.

अपकारिणे (apakāriṇe) - to the wrongdoer, to one who harms

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of apakārin

apakārin - wrongdoer, harmful, injurious, one who harms

agent noun/adjective

From 'apa' (upasarga) + root 'kṛ' (to do) + 'ṇin' suffix.

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Recipient of ill-will.

असूया (asūyā) - envy, jealousy, ill-will

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of asūyā

asūyā - envy, jealousy, ill-will, detraction

From root 'sūy' (to be angry, to envy).

Root: sūy (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'jāyate'.

जायते (jāyate) - arises, is born, happens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

present

From root 'jan' (to be born) in the Dīvyādi (4th) class, middle voice.

Root: jan (class 4)

तीव्रा (tīvrā) - intense, severe, fierce

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tīvra

tīvra - intense, sharp, fierce, severe

Note: Agrees with 'asūyā'.

कारुण्यात् (kāruṇyāt) - from compassion, due to compassion

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāruṇya

kāruṇya - compassion, pity, mercy

Derived from 'karuṇā' (pity) + 'ya' suffix.

Note: Indicates cause or origin for the receding of ill-will.

विनिवर्तते (vinivartate) - recedes, turns away, ceases

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

present

Root 'vṛt' (to turn) with 'vi' and 'ni' upasargas, present tense, middle voice.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)