महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-145, verse-6

महान्तं निश्चयं कृत्वा लुब्धकः प्रविवेश ह ।
प्रविशन्नेव च वनं निगृहीतः स कण्टकैः ॥६॥

6. mahāntaṁ niścayaṁ kṛtvā lubdhakaḥ praviveśa ha ,
praviśanneva ca vanaṁ nigṛhītaḥ sa kaṇṭakaiḥ.

6. mahāntam niścayam kṛtvā lubdhakaḥ praviveśa ha
praviśan eva ca vanam nigṛhītaḥ saḥ kaṇṭakaiḥ

6. lubdhakaḥ mahāntam niścayam कृत्वा ha praviveśa ca vanam praviśan eva saḥ kaṇṭakaiḥ nigṛhītaḥ.

6. Having made a great resolve, the hunter indeed entered. And just as he was entering the forest, he was seized by thorns.

Words meanings summery:

• महान्तम् (mahāntam) - a significant and resolute determination (great, firm, strong, mighty)

• निश्चयम् (niścayam) - a firm decision or resolve to proceed (determination, resolve, certainty)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - after forming the determination (having done, having made)

• लुब्धकः (lubdhakaḥ) - The main character (hunter)

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - the hunter physically went into the forest (he entered, he penetrated)

• ह (ha) - emphasizes the action of entering (indeed, surely, verily)

• प्रविशन् (praviśan) - describes the action concurrent with being caught by thorns (entering, while entering)

• एव (eva) - emphasizes that it was *just* as he was entering (just, exactly, indeed)

• च (ca) - connects the two main clauses (and)

• वनम् (vanam) - the forest he was entering (forest)

• निगृहीतः (nigṛhītaḥ) - the hunter was physically snagged or entangled (caught, seized, held, restrained)

• सः (saḥ) - refers to the hunter (he, that)

• कण्टकैः (kaṇṭakaiḥ) - the agents by which the hunter was caught (by thorns, by prickles)

Words meanings and morphology

महान्तम् (mahāntam) - a significant and resolute determination (great, firm, strong, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahant

mahant - great, large, mighty, considerable

Present Active Participle

From root mah or simply a primary adjective.

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies niścayam.

निश्चयम् (niścayam) - a firm decision or resolve to proceed (determination, resolve, certainty)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niścaya

niścaya - determination, resolution, certainty, decision

From nis-ci (to ascertain, determine)

Prefix: nis

Root: ci (class 1)

Note: Object of kṛtvā.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - after forming the determination (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root kṛ + tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

लुब्धकः (lubdhakaḥ) - The main character (hunter)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lubdhaka

lubdhaka - hunter, fowler, greedy person

From root lubh (to desire, be greedy)

Root: lubh (class 4)

Note: Subject of praviveśa.

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - the hunter physically went into the forest (he entered, he penetrated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of praviś

Perfect active 3rd singular

From pra-viś. Root viś (to enter), reduplicated in perfect.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

ह (ha) - emphasizes the action of entering (indeed, surely, verily)

(indeclinable)

Particle

प्रविशन् (praviśan) - describes the action concurrent with being caught by thorns (entering, while entering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praviśant

praviśant - entering, going in

Present Active Participle

From pra-viś + śatṛ suffix (for active participles)

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Qualifies saḥ (the hunter).

एव (eva) - emphasizes that it was *just* as he was entering (just, exactly, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Particle

Note: Intensifying particle.

च (ca) - connects the two main clauses (and)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

वनम् (vanam) - the forest he was entering (forest)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

From root van (to love, desire)

Root: van (class 1)

Note: Object of praviśan.

निगृहीतः (nigṛhītaḥ) - the hunter was physically snagged or entangled (caught, seized, held, restrained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nigṛhīta

nigṛhīta - caught, seized, held, arrested, restrained

Past Passive Participle

From ni-grah (to seize, restrain)

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Predicate adjective for saḥ with implied verb āsīt (was).

सः (saḥ) - refers to the hunter (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative singular masculine of tad

Note: Subject of the passive construction.

कण्टकैः (kaṇṭakaiḥ) - the agents by which the hunter was caught (by thorns, by prickles)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kaṇṭaka

kaṇṭaka - thorn, prickle, bone (of fish), difficulty, enemy

Note: Agent in the passive construction.