महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-102, verse-19

त्यक्तात्मानः सर्व एते अन्त्यजा ह्यनिवर्तिनः ।
पुरस्कार्याः सदा सैन्ये हन्यन्ते घ्नन्ति चापि ते ॥१९॥

19. tyaktātmānaḥ sarva ete antyajā hyanivartinaḥ ,
puraskāryāḥ sadā sainye hanyante ghnanti cāpi te.

19. tyaktātmānaḥ sarve ete antyajāḥ hi anivartinaḥ
puraskāryāḥ sadā sainye hanyante ghnanti ca api te

19. sarve ete antyajāḥ hi tyaktātmānaḥ anivartinaḥ.
te sadā sainye puraskāryāḥ,
hanyante ca api ghnanti.

19. All these outcastes (antyaja) have renounced their own lives (ātman) and are unwavering. They should always be given prominence in the army; they are killed and they also kill.

Words meanings summery:

• त्यक्तात्मानः (tyaktātmānaḥ) - those who have abandoned their own self/life (ātman), self-sacrificing

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• एते (ete) - these

• अन्त्यजाः (antyajāḥ) - low-born, outcastes, born of low caste

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अनिवर्तिनः (anivartinaḥ) - not turning back, unwavering, resolute

• पुरस्कार्याः (puraskāryāḥ) - to be honored, to be placed in front, to be rewarded

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• सैन्ये (sainye) - in the army, in the troop

• हन्यन्ते (hanyante) - they are killed, they are struck

• घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - they kill, they strike

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• ते (te) - they

Words meanings and morphology

त्यक्तात्मानः (tyaktātmānaḥ) - those who have abandoned their own self/life (ātman), self-sacrificing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tyaktātman

tyaktātman - one who has abandoned their own self (ātman), self-sacrificing

Bahuvrīhi compound of tyakta (abandoned) and ātman (self)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (tyakta+ātman)

• tyakta – abandoned, forsaken, given up
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root tyaj (to abandon)
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, essence, life principle (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, entire

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun

अन्त्यजाः (antyajāḥ) - low-born, outcastes, born of low caste

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of antyaja

antyaja - born at the end (of castes), low-born, outcaste

Compound of antya (last, end) and ja (born)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (antya+ja)

• antya – last, final, lowest
  adjective (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

particle

अनिवर्तिनः (anivartinaḥ) - not turning back, unwavering, resolute

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anivartin

anivartin - not turning back, resolute, unwavering

Compound of a (negation) and nivartin (turning back)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (a+nivartin)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negation particle
• nivartin – turning back, retreating
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from root vṛt (to turn) with prefix ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

पुरस्कार्याः (puraskāryāḥ) - to be honored, to be placed in front, to be rewarded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puraskārya

puraskārya - to be honored, to be revered, to be put at the head

Gerundive

from puras (before) + kṛ (to do, make)

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

adverb

सैन्ये (sainye) - in the army, in the troop

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, troop, military

derived from senā (army)

हन्यन्ते (hanyante) - they are killed, they are struck

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of han

Present Middle/Passive Indicative

3rd person plural

Root: han (class 2)

घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - they kill, they strike

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of han

Present Active Indicative

3rd person plural

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

particle

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

particle

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, they

Demonstrative pronoun