महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-102, verse-17

उद्वृत्ताश्चैव सुग्रीवा विनता विहगा इव ।
पिण्डशीर्षाहिवक्त्राश्च वृषदंशमुखा इव ॥१७॥

17. udvṛttāścaiva sugrīvā vinatā vihagā iva ,
piṇḍaśīrṣāhivaktrāśca vṛṣadaṁśamukhā iva.

17. udvṛttāḥ ca eva sugrīvāḥ vinatāḥ vihagāḥ iva
piṇḍaśīrṣāhivaktrāḥ ca vṛṣadaṃśamukhāḥ iva

17. udvṛttāḥ ca eva sugrīvāḥ vinatāḥ vihagāḥ iva
piṇḍaśīrṣāhivaktrāḥ ca vṛṣadaṃśamukhāḥ iva

17. Moreover, they have prominent forms and beautiful necks, and they stoop like birds. They also possess faces like round-headed serpents and like cats.

Words meanings summery:

• उद्वृत्ताः (udvṛttāḥ) - having prominent/uplifted bodies (or forms) (prominent, uplifted, arrogant, unrestrained)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• सुग्रीवाः (sugrīvāḥ) - having good/beautiful necks

• विनताः (vinatāḥ) - stooping (like birds) (bent down, stooping, humble)

• विहगाः (vihagāḥ) - birds

• इव (iva) - like, as

• पिण्डशीर्षाहिवक्त्राः (piṇḍaśīrṣāhivaktrāḥ) - having faces like round-headed serpents

• च (ca) - and

• वृषदंशमुखाः (vṛṣadaṁśamukhāḥ) - having faces like cats

• इव (iva) - like, as

Words meanings and morphology

उद्वृत्ताः (udvṛttāḥ) - having prominent/uplifted bodies (or forms) (prominent, uplifted, arrogant, unrestrained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of udvṛtta

udvṛtta - prominent, uplifted, arrogant, unrestrained; having risen

Past Passive Participle

From root √vṛt (to turn, exist) with prefix ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: vṛt (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

सुग्रीवाः (sugrīvāḥ) - having good/beautiful necks

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sugrīva

sugrīva - having a beautiful neck, well-necked

Bahuvrīhi compound of su (good, well, beautiful) and grīvā (neck).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīvā)

• su – good, well, beautiful, easily
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

विनताः (vinatāḥ) - stooping (like birds) (bent down, stooping, humble)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vinata

vinata - bent down, bowed, stooping, humble

Past Passive Participle

From root √nam (to bend) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: nam (class 1)

विहगाः (vihagāḥ) - birds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vihaga

vihaga - bird (lit. 'going in the sky')

Compound of vi (sky, space) and ga (going).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vi+ga)

• vi – sky, air
  noun (neuter)
  In compounds vi can mean sky or air.
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix from √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison

पिण्डशीर्षाहिवक्त्राः (piṇḍaśīrṣāhivaktrāḥ) - having faces like round-headed serpents

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of piṇḍaśīrṣāhivaktra

piṇḍaśīrṣāhivaktra - having faces like round-headed serpents

Bahuvrīhi compound: piṇḍa (lump, ball) + śīrṣa (head) + ahi (serpent) + vaktra (face).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (piṇḍaśīrṣa+ahi+vaktra)

• piṇḍa – lump, ball, a round mass
  noun (masculine)
• śīrṣa – head
  noun (neuter)
• ahi – serpent, snake
  noun (masculine)
• vaktra – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: The entire compound describes their facial features.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

वृषदंशमुखाः (vṛṣadaṁśamukhāḥ) - having faces like cats

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛṣadaṃśamukha

vṛṣadaṁśamukha - having a cat-like face

Bahuvrīhi compound of vṛṣadaṃśa (cat) and mukha (face).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛṣadaṃśa+mukha)

• vṛṣadaṃśa – cat (lit. bull-biter)
  noun (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison