महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-12, verse-5

उच्यमानं च यः श्रेयो गृह्णीते नो हिताहिते ।
आपदं समनुप्राप्य स शोचत्यनये स्थितः ॥५॥

5. ucyamānaṁ ca yaḥ śreyo gṛhṇīte no hitāhite ,
āpadaṁ samanuprāpya sa śocatyanaye sthitaḥ.

5. ucyamānam ca yaḥ śreyaḥ gṛhṇīte na u hitāhite
āpadam samanuprāpya saḥ śocati anaye sthitaḥ

5. ca yaḥ ucyamānam śreyaḥ na gṛhṇīte u hitāhite
saḥ āpadam samanuprāpya anaye sthitaḥ śocati

5. And he who does not accept the beneficial advice being offered, failing to discern what is advantageous and what is detrimental (hita-ahita), that person, having fallen into calamity, laments, remaining in a wrongful state.

Words meanings summery:

• उच्यमानम् (ucyamānam) - being said, being spoken

• च (ca) - and, also

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - welfare, good, benefit

• गृह्णीते (gṛhṇīte) - accepts, takes, grasps

• न (na) - not, no

• उ (u) - indeed, certainly (particle of emphasis or disjunction)

• हिताहिते (hitāhite) - what is advantageous and what is detrimental (beneficial and harmful (things))

• आपदम् (āpadam) - calamity, misfortune, distress

• समनुप्राप्य (samanuprāpya) - having fully obtained, having reached

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (one)

• शोचति (śocati) - laments, grieves, sorrows

• अनये (anaye) - in a state of misfortune or wrongful action (in misfortune, in a wrong course)

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, abiding, standing

Words meanings and morphology

उच्यमानम् (ucyamānam) - being said, being spoken

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ucyamāna

ucyamāna - being said, being spoken, being expressed

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak) in passive form

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'śreyaḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - welfare, good, benefit

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - welfare, good, prosperity, excellence, ultimate good

गृह्णीते (gṛhṇīte) - accepts, takes, grasps

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of grah

Present 3rd person singular middle of root 'grah'

Root: grah (class 9)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उ (u) - indeed, certainly (particle of emphasis or disjunction)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used for emphasis, especially after 'na'.

हिताहिते (hitāhite) - what is advantageous and what is detrimental (beneficial and harmful (things))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, dual of hitāhita

hitāhita - what is beneficial and what is harmful, good and bad

Compound type : dvandva (hita+ahita)

• hita – beneficial, good, advantageous, suitable
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'dhā' (to place) with prefix 'hi'
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• ahita – harmful, detrimental, unfriendly
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Negative of 'hita'
  Prefix: a
  Root: dhā (class 3)

आपदम् (āpadam) - calamity, misfortune, distress

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, distress, adversity

समनुप्राप्य (samanuprāpya) - having fully obtained, having reached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'āp' with prefixes 'sam', 'anu', 'pra'

Prefixes: sam+anu+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शोचति (śocati) - laments, grieves, sorrows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

Present 3rd person singular active of root 'śuc'

Root: śuc (class 1)

अनये (anaye) - in a state of misfortune or wrongful action (in misfortune, in a wrong course)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anaya

anaya - bad policy, misfortune, wrong course, impropriety

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'naya' (policy, conduct)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+naya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• naya – policy, conduct, guidance, justice
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'nī'
  Root: nī (class 1)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, abiding, standing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, existing, firm, established

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sthā'

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ'.