महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-12, verse-4

राजा हि यः स्थिरप्रज्ञः स्वयं दोषानवेक्षते ।
देशकालविभागं च परं श्रेयः स विन्दति ॥४॥

4. rājā hi yaḥ sthiraprajñaḥ svayaṁ doṣānavekṣate ,
deśakālavibhāgaṁ ca paraṁ śreyaḥ sa vindati.

4. rājā hi yaḥ sthiraprajñaḥ svayam doṣān avekṣate
deśakālavibhāgam ca param śreyaḥ saḥ vindati

4. hi yaḥ rājā sthiraprajñaḥ svayam doṣān
deśakālavibhāgam ca avekṣate saḥ param śreyaḥ vindati

4. Indeed, the king who is firm in his wisdom and himself discerns faults and the appropriate considerations of time and place, he attains the highest well-being.

Words meanings summery:

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• स्थिरप्रज्ञः (sthiraprajñaḥ) - of steady wisdom, firm intellect

• स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself

• दोषान् (doṣān) - faults, defects, errors

• अवेक्षते (avekṣate) - observes, considers, discerns

• देशकालविभागम् (deśakālavibhāgam) - distinction of place and time, proper assessment of circumstances

• च (ca) - and, also

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, best

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - well-being, prosperity, good

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (one)

• विन्दति (vindati) - obtains, finds, gains

Words meanings and morphology

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

स्थिरप्रज्ञः (sthiraprajñaḥ) - of steady wisdom, firm intellect

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthiraprajña

sthiraprajña - steady-minded, firm in wisdom, stable intellect

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sthira+prajñā)

• sthira – firm, steady, stable, unmoving
  adjective
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• prajñā – wisdom, intelligence, insight, discernment
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root jñā with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'yaḥ' and 'rājā'.

स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself

(indeclinable)

दोषान् (doṣān) - faults, defects, errors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, error, vice, transgression

अवेक्षते (avekṣate) - observes, considers, discerns

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of īkṣ

Present 3rd person singular middle of root 'īkṣ' with prefix 'ava'

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

देशकालविभागम् (deśakālavibhāgam) - distinction of place and time, proper assessment of circumstances

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deśakālavibhāga

deśakālavibhāga - distinction of place and time, division of space and time, proper assessment of circumstances

Compound type : tatpurusha (deśa+kāla+vibhāga)

• deśa – place, region, country
  noun (masculine)
• kāla – time, season, proper time
  noun (masculine)
• vibhāga – division, distinction, distribution, assessment
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'bhaj' with prefix 'vi'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, best

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate, other

Note: Agrees with 'śreyaḥ'.

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - well-being, prosperity, good

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - welfare, good, prosperity, excellence, ultimate good

सः (saḥ) - he, that (one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विन्दति (vindati) - obtains, finds, gains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present 3rd person singular active of root 'vid'

Root: vid (class 6)