महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-20, verse-1

सूत उवाच ।
तं समुद्रमतिक्रम्य कद्रूर्विनतया सह ।
न्यपतत्तुरगाभ्याशे नचिरादिव शीघ्रगा ॥१॥

1. sūta uvāca ,
taṁ samudramatikramya kadrūrvinatayā saha ,
nyapatatturagābhyāśe nacirādiva śīghragā.

1. sūtaḥ uvāca | tam samudram atikramya | kadrūḥ vinatayā
saha | nyapatat turagābhyāśe | na cirāt iva śīghragā

1. Sūta said: Having crossed that ocean, Kadrū, along with Vinatā, swiftly alighted near the horse, as if instantly.

Words meanings summery:

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta (the narrator) (charioteer, bard, Sūta (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• तम् (tam) - that (ocean) (that, him)

• समुद्रम् (samudram) - ocean (ocean, sea)

• अतिक्रम्य (atikramya) - having crossed (having crossed, having overcome)

• कद्रूः (kadrūḥ) - Kadrū (Kadrū (proper name, mother of Nāgas))

• विनतया (vinatayā) - with Vinatā

• सह (saha) - along with (with, together with)

• न्यपतत् (nyapatat) - alighted (fell down, alighted)

• तुरगाभ्याशे (turagābhyāśe) - near the horse (near the horse, in the vicinity of the horse)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• चिरात् (cirāt) - without delay (with 'na') (for a long time, after a long time)

• इव (iva) - as if (as, like, as if)

• शीघ्रगा (śīghragā) - swiftly (swift-moving, quick)

Words meanings and morphology

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta (the narrator) (charioteer, bard, Sūta (proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, storyteller

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect_verb

Perfect 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

तम् (tam) - that (ocean) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Agrees with 'samudram'.

समुद्रम् (samudram) - ocean (ocean, sea)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

Note: Object of 'atikramya'.

अतिक्रम्य (atikramya) - having crossed (having crossed, having overcome)

(indeclinable)

gerund

gerund with prefix ati-

Prefix: ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Denotes action completed before the main verb.

कद्रूः (kadrūḥ) - Kadrū (Kadrū (proper name, mother of Nāgas))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kadrū

kadrū - Kadrū (name of a goddess, wife of Kaśyapa, mother of the Nāgas)

Note: Subject of 'nyapatat'.

विनतया (vinatayā) - with Vinatā

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vinatā

vinatā - Vinatā (name of a goddess, wife of Kaśyapa, mother of Garuḍa)

Note: Used with 'saha'.

सह (saha) - along with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

न्यपतत् (nyapatat) - alighted (fell down, alighted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

past_imperfect_verb

Imperfect 3rd person singular with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: 'ni' + 'apatat' -> 'nyapatat' (yaṇ sandhi).

तुरगाभ्याशे (turagābhyāśe) - near the horse (near the horse, in the vicinity of the horse)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of turagābhyāśa

turagābhyāśa - proximity to a horse, vicinity of a horse

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (turaga+abhyāśa)

• turaga – horse
  noun (masculine)
• abhyāśa – vicinity, nearness, proximity
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: abhi+ā
  Root: aś

Note: Locative singular of the compound 'turagābhyāśa'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'cirāt'.

चिरात् (cirāt) - without delay (with 'na') (for a long time, after a long time)

(indeclinable)

adverbial ablative

इव (iva) - as if (as, like, as if)

(indeclinable)

शीघ्रगा (śīghragā) - swiftly (swift-moving, quick)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śīghraga

śīghraga - swift-moving, quick, going swiftly

agent_noun

from śīghra + √gam (to go)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śīghra+ga)

• śīghra – swift, quick, rapid
  adjective
• ga – going, moving, a goer
  noun
  agent_noun
  from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam

Note: Feminine nominative singular, referring to Kadrū and Vinatā.