महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-157, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
वसत्सु तेषु प्रच्छन्नं पाण्डवेषु महात्मसु ।
आजगामाथ तान्द्रष्टुं व्यासः सत्यवतीसुतः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
vasatsu teṣu pracchannaṁ pāṇḍaveṣu mahātmasu ,
ājagāmātha tāndraṣṭuṁ vyāsaḥ satyavatīsutaḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca | vasatsu teṣu pracchannam pāṇḍaveṣu
mahātmasu | ājagāma atha tān draṣṭuṃ vyāsaḥ satyavatīsutaḥ

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: While those great-souled (mahātman) Pāṇḍavas were living in concealment, Vyāsa, the son of Satyavatī, then arrived to see them.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśaṃpāyana, the sage who narrated the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya (Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - narrated (said, spoke)

• वसत्सु (vasatsu) - while living (while living, residing)

• तेषु (teṣu) - those (in them, among them, those)

• प्रच्छन्नम् (pracchannam) - in concealment (hidden, concealed, secretly)

• पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - the Pāṇḍavas (among the Pāṇḍavas, regarding the Pāṇḍavas)

• महात्मसु (mahātmasu) - great-souled (among the great-souled, noble ones)

• आजगाम (ājagāma) - arrived (came, arrived)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

• तान् (tān) - them (the Pāṇḍavas) (them (masculine plural accusative))

• द्रष्टुं (draṣṭuṁ) - to see (to see, for seeing)

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa (Vyāsa (name of a sage))

• सत्यवतीसुतः (satyavatīsutaḥ) - the son of Satyavatī (son of Satyavatī)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśaṃpāyana, the sage who narrated the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya (Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (a celebrated pupil of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - narrated (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect 3rd singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

वसत्सु (vasatsu) - while living (while living, residing)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of vasat

vasat - living, residing (present participle of vas)

Present Active Participle

from root vas (to live, dwell)

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Refers to 'teṣu pāṇḍaveṣu mahātmasu'

तेषु (teṣu) - those (in them, among them, those)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas.

प्रच्छन्नम् (pracchannam) - in concealment (hidden, concealed, secretly)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

from pra-chad (to cover, conceal)

Prefix: pra

Root: chad (class 10)

Note: Adverbial use, modifying 'vasatsu'.

पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - the Pāṇḍavas (among the Pāṇḍavas, regarding the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu (the five Pāṇḍava brothers)

महात्मसु (mahātmasu) - great-souled (among the great-souled, noble ones)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, distinguished

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – soul, self, essence, spirit, breath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Agreement with pāṇḍaveṣu.

आजगाम (ājagāma) - arrived (came, arrived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect 3rd singular, active voice

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - them (the Pāṇḍavas) (them (masculine plural accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Object of 'draṣṭuṃ'.

द्रष्टुं (draṣṭuṁ) - to see (to see, for seeing)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form from root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa (Vyāsa (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyāsa (name of a celebrated sage, compiler of the Vedas and Mahābhārata)

Note: Subject of ājagāma.

सत्यवतीसुतः (satyavatīsutaḥ) - the son of Satyavatī (son of Satyavatī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavatīsuta

satyavatīsuta - son of Satyavatī

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satyavatī+suta)

• satyavatī – Satyavatī (name of the mother of Vyāsa)
  proper noun (feminine)
• suta – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Appositive to Vyāsaḥ.