महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-148, verse-10

एतदर्हा वयं नूनं वसामो दुर्बलस्य ये ।
विषये नित्यमुद्विग्नाः कुराजानमुपाश्रिताः ॥१०॥

10. etadarhā vayaṁ nūnaṁ vasāmo durbalasya ye ,
viṣaye nityamudvignāḥ kurājānamupāśritāḥ.

10. etat arhāḥ vayam nūnam vasāmaḥ durbalasya ye
viṣaye nityam udvignāḥ ku-rājānam upāśritāḥ

10. We who reside in the territory of a weak [ruler], constantly distressed, and who have taken refuge in a bad king, are certainly deserving of this [fate].

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this (unfortunate situation or fate) (this, that)

• अर्हाः (arhāḥ) - deserving, worthy, fit

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• नूनम् (nūnam) - indeed, surely, certainly

• वसामः (vasāmaḥ) - we live, we dwell

• दुर्बलस्य (durbalasya) - of the weak king/ruler (of the weak, of the feeble)

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• विषये (viṣaye) - in the realm, in the dominion, in the subject

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• उद्विग्नाः (udvignāḥ) - distressed, agitated, disturbed, anxious

• कु-राजानम् (ku-rājānam) - a bad king, an evil king

• उपाश्रिताः (upāśritāḥ) - having resorted to, having taken refuge in, dependent on

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this (unfortunate situation or fate) (this, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Object of 'deserving'

अर्हाः (arhāḥ) - deserving, worthy, fit

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of arha

arha - deserving, worthy, fit

from root arh + a

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vayam

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

नूनम् (nūnam) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

वसामः (vasāmaḥ) - we live, we dwell

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vas

present active 1st plural

Root: vas (class 1)

दुर्बलस्य (durbalasya) - of the weak king/ruler (of the weak, of the feeble)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of durbala

durbala - weak, feeble, powerless

prefix dur- (bad, difficult) + bala (strength)

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (dur+bala)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies an implied 'king' or 'ruler'

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to 'vayam'

विषये (viṣaye) - in the realm, in the dominion, in the subject

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of viṣaya

viṣaya - realm, dominion, subject, object

Prefix: vi

Root: ṣi

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial form of nitya

उद्विग्नाः (udvignāḥ) - distressed, agitated, disturbed, anxious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of udvigna

udvigna - distressed, agitated, disturbed, anxious

Past Passive Participle

from ud-vij + kta

Prefix: ud

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'ye' and 'vayam'

कु-राजानम् (ku-rājānam) - a bad king, an evil king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ku-rājan

ku-rājan - a bad king, an evil king

prefix ku- (bad) + rājan (king)

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (ku+rājan)

• ku – bad, evil, wicked
  indeclinable
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)

उपाश्रिताः (upāśritāḥ) - having resorted to, having taken refuge in, dependent on

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upāśrita

upāśrita - resorted to, taken refuge in, dependent on

Past Passive Participle

from upa-ā-śri + kta

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ye' and 'vayam'