महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-129, verse-17

सततं निरयं प्राप्ताः परपिण्डोपजीविनः ।
न भवेम यथा राजंस्तथा शीघ्रं विधीयताम् ॥१७॥

17. satataṁ nirayaṁ prāptāḥ parapiṇḍopajīvinaḥ ,
na bhavema yathā rājaṁstathā śīghraṁ vidhīyatām.

17. satatam nirayam prāptāḥ parapiṇḍopajīvinaḥ na
bhavema yathā rājan tathā śīghram vidhīyatām

17. O King, let arrangements be made swiftly so that we do not become perpetually consigned to hell, living off the charity of others.

17. הו מלך, פעל במהירות כדי שלא נהיה כמי שחיים תמיד בגיהינום ומתפרנסים מלחם של אחרים.

Words meanings summery:

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly, always, perpetually

• निरयम् (nirayam) - to hell, to a miserable state

• प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - consigned to (having attained, reached)

• परपिण्डोपजीविनः (parapiṇḍopajīvinaḥ) - living on the food of others, subsisting on others' charity

• न (na) - not

• भवेम (bhavema) - we may become, we should become

• यथा (yathā) - as, so that, in which way

• राजन् (rājan) - O Dhritarashtra (O King)

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

• विधीयताम् (vidhīyatām) - let it be done, let it be arranged

Words meanings and morphology

सततम् (satatam) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

from 'saṃ-tat' (to extend, stretch)

Prefix: sam

Root: tan (class 8)

निरयम् (nirayam) - to hell, to a miserable state

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niraya

niraya - hell, underworld, miserable state

derived from 'nir-i' (to go down)

Prefix: nis

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Object of implied motion (prāptāḥ with accusative)

प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - consigned to (having attained, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, received

Past Passive Participle

derived from pra-āp

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Modifies the implied 'we' (vayam).

परपिण्डोपजीविनः (parapiṇḍopajīvinaḥ) - living on the food of others, subsisting on others' charity

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parapiṇḍopajīvin

parapiṇḍopajīvin - living on others' food/charity

compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+piṇḍa+upajīvin)

• para – other, alien
  adjective (masculine)
• piṇḍa – lump of food, ball of rice, subsistence
  noun (masculine)
• upajīvin – living by, subsisting on
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from upa-jīv
  suffix -in
  Prefix: upa
  Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied 'we' (vayam).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

भवेम (bhavema) - we may become, we should become

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Expresses wish or possibility.

यथा (yathā) - as, so that, in which way

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the purpose clause.

राजन् (rājan) - O Dhritarashtra (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

Note: Addressing Dhritarashtra.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

विधीयताम् (vidhīyatām) - let it be done, let it be arranged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of vidhā

root 'dhā' with prefix 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Expresses command or request.

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