योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-165, verse-5

लघुकालात्मकः स्वप्नः सर्वदैव हि जाग्रति ।
लघुकालात्मकं जाग्रत्स्वप्नकाले सदैव च ॥ ५ ॥

laghukālātmakaḥ svapnaḥ sarvadaiva hi jāgrati ,
laghukālātmakaṃ jāgratsvapnakāle sadaiva ca 5

5. laghukālātmakaḥ svapnaḥ sarvadā eva hi jāgrati
laghukālātmakam jāgrat svapnakāle sadā eva ca

5. svapnaḥ hi laghukālātmakaḥ sarvadā eva jāgrati
jāgrat ca laghukālātmakam sadā eva svapnakāle

5. The dream state is of a short temporal nature, for it is always (experienced) during the waking state. Similarly, the waking state is of a short temporal nature, and it is always (experienced) during the dream time.

Words meanings summery:

• लघुकालात्मकः (laghukālātmakaḥ) - characterized by a brief duration (having a short temporal nature, of short duration)

• स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - the dreaming state; subject of the sentence (dream, sleep)

• सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always (always, at all times)

• एव (eva) - indeed, emphasizes the assertion (indeed, only, truly)

• हि (hi) - for, as, indeed; introduces a reason or emphasis (for, indeed, because)

• जाग्रति (jāgrati) - within the context of the waking state (in the waking state)

• लघुकालात्मकम् (laghukālātmakam) - characterized by a brief duration (having a short temporal nature, of short duration)

• जाग्रत् (jāgrat) - the waking state; subject of the second clause (waking, awake, the waking state)

• स्वप्नकाले (svapnakāle) - in the context or duration of the dream state (in dream time)

• सदा (sadā) - always (always, at all times)

• एव (eva) - indeed, emphasizes the assertion (indeed, only, truly)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

लघुकालात्मकः (laghukālātmakaḥ) - characterized by a brief duration (having a short temporal nature, of short duration)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of laghukālātmaka

laghukālātmaka - having a nature of short time, of short duration

Compound of laghu (short), kāla (time), and ātman (nature, self) + ka suffix.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (laghu+kāla+ātman+ka)

• laghu – short, light, quick
  adjective
• kāla – time, season
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, essence, nature
  noun (masculine)
• ka – suffix forming adjectives/nouns
  suffix

Note: Qualifies svapnaḥ.

स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - the dreaming state; subject of the sentence (dream, sleep)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - dream, sleep, dreaming state

From root svap (to sleep) + na suffix

Root: svap (class 2)

सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always (always, at all times)

(indeclinable)

From sarva (all) + dā (suffix for time).

एव (eva) - indeed, emphasizes the assertion (indeed, only, truly)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - for, as, indeed; introduces a reason or emphasis (for, indeed, because)

(indeclinable)

जाग्रति (jāgrati) - within the context of the waking state (in the waking state)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jāgrat

jāgrat - waking, awake, vigilant, the waking state

Present Active Participle

From root jāgṛ (to wake)

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

Note: Locative singular, referring to 'in the waking state.'

लघुकालात्मकम् (laghukālātmakam) - characterized by a brief duration (having a short temporal nature, of short duration)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of laghukālātmaka

laghukālātmaka - having a nature of short time, of short duration

Compound of laghu (short), kāla (time), and ātman (nature, self) + ka suffix.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (laghu+kāla+ātman+ka)

• laghu – short, light, quick
  adjective
• kāla – time, season
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, essence, nature
  noun (masculine)
• ka – suffix forming adjectives/nouns
  suffix

Note: Qualifies jāgrat (neuter nominative).

जाग्रत् (jāgrat) - the waking state; subject of the second clause (waking, awake, the waking state)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jāgrat

jāgrat - waking, awake, vigilant, the waking state

Present Active Participle

From root jāgṛ (to wake)

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

स्वप्नकाले (svapnakāle) - in the context or duration of the dream state (in dream time)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svapnakāla

svapnakāla - dream time, duration of a dream

Compound of svapna (dream) and kāla (time).

Compound type : tatpurusha (svapna+kāla)

• svapna – dream, sleep
  noun (masculine)
  From root svap (to sleep) + na suffix
  Root: svap (class 2)
• kāla – time, season
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to 'in the time of dream.'

सदा (sadā) - always (always, at all times)

(indeclinable)

From sa (together) or sam (same) + dā (suffix for time).

एव (eva) - indeed, emphasizes the assertion (indeed, only, truly)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)