योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-12, verse-11

सत्त्वमात्रं समालोक्य काश्चिदेवमुपागताः ।
जाताजाता निखन्यन्ते कृतान्तजरठाखुना ॥ ११ ॥

sattvamātraṃ samālokya kāścidevamupāgatāḥ ,
jātājātā nikhanyante kṛtāntajaraṭhākhunā 11

11. sattvamātram samālokya kāścit evam upāgatāḥ
| jātājātāḥ nikhanyante kṛtāntajaraṭhākhunā

11. kāścit sattvamātram samālokya evam upāgatāḥ.
jātājātāḥ kṛtāntajaraṭhākhunā nikhanyante.

11. Some beings, having perceived only pure being (sattva), have arrived at this state. They are repeatedly born and re-interred by the ancient mouse of Death (Kṛtānta).

Words meanings summery:

• सत्त्वमात्रम् (sattvamātram) - only pure being, mere existence (without deeper understanding) (mere existence, only being, pure reality)

• समालोक्य (samālokya) - having perceived (having seen, having perceived, having observed)

• काश्चित् (kāścit) - some beings (feminine plural, referring to jīvas/souls) (some, certain ones)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner (referring to the state mentioned) (thus, in this manner, so)

• उपागताः (upāgatāḥ) - have attained (a certain state) (have come, approached, attained)

• जाताजाताः (jātājātāḥ) - repeatedly born and dying, born-born (born and (repeatedly) born; repeatedly dying and being born)

• निखन्यन्ते (nikhanyante) - they are re-interred, they are buried (by death) (they are buried, they are dug into)

• कृतान्तजरठाखुना (kṛtāntajaraṭhākhunā) - by the ancient mouse, an agent of Death (Kṛtānta) (by the old mouse of Yama (Death))

Words meanings and morphology

सत्त्वमात्रम् (sattvamātram) - only pure being, mere existence (without deeper understanding) (mere existence, only being, pure reality)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sattvamātra

sattvamātra - mere existence, only being, pure reality

Compound of 'sattva' (being, existence, reality) and 'mātra' (only, mere).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sattva+mātra)

• sattva – being, existence, reality, truth, goodness (one of the three guṇas)
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'as' (to be) + suffix '-tva'.
  Root: as (class 2)
• mātra – mere, only, simply, just
  indeclinable (neuter)
  Suffix indicating 'only' or 'mere'.

Note: Object of 'samālokya'.

समालोक्य (samālokya) - having perceived (having seen, having perceived, having observed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) form of root 'lok' (to see) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: lok (class 10)

काश्चित् (kāścit) - some beings (feminine plural, referring to jīvas/souls) (some, certain ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kāścit

kāścit - some, a certain (one/thing)

Feminine form of the indefinite pronoun 'kaścid'.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner (referring to the state mentioned) (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

उपागताः (upāgatāḥ) - have attained (a certain state) (have come, approached, attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of upāgata

upāgata - come near, approached, attained

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'gam' with prefixes 'upa' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate, referring to 'kāścit'.

जाताजाताः (jātājātāḥ) - repeatedly born and dying, born-born (born and (repeatedly) born; repeatedly dying and being born)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jātājāta

jātājāta - born and (repeatedly) born, repeatedly dying and being born

Past Passive Participle

Reduplication of 'jāta' (born), indicating repetition of birth and death cycle.

Compound type : dvandva (jāta+ajāta)

• jāta – born, produced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'jan' (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• ajāta – unborn, not born
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'a-' (negation) + 'jāta'.
  Prefix: a
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Although 'kāścit' is feminine, 'jātājātāḥ' (masculine/neuter plural nominative) can refer to beings in general.

निखन्यन्ते (nikhanyante) - they are re-interred, they are buried (by death) (they are buried, they are dug into)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of nikhanya

Present Passive

Passive form of root 'khan' (to dig) with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: khan (class 1)

कृतान्तजरठाखुना (kṛtāntajaraṭhākhunā) - by the ancient mouse, an agent of Death (Kṛtānta) (by the old mouse of Yama (Death))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṛtāntajaraṭhākhu

kṛtāntajaraṭhākhu - the old mouse of Yama/Death

Compound of 'kṛtānta' (Death, Yama), 'jaratha' (old, ancient), and 'ākhu' (mouse).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṛtānta+jaratha+ākhu)

• kṛtānta – Death, Yama (the ender of deeds)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'kṛta' (done) and 'anta' (end), referring to the one who ends deeds or life.
• jaratha – old, ancient, decayed
  adjective (masculine)
• ākhu – mouse, rat
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of the action 'nikhanyante'.