वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-66, verse-15

कस्यां योन्यां तपोवृद्धवर्तसे दृढविक्रम ।
कौतूहलात्त्वां पृच्छामि रामो दाशरथिर्ह्यहम् ॥१५॥

15. kasyāṃ yonyāṃ tapovṛddhavartase dṛḍhavikrama ,
kautūhalāttvāṃ pṛcchāmi rāmo dāśarathirhyaham.

15. kasyām yonyām tapovṛddha vartase dṛḍhavikrama
kautūhalāt tvām pṛcchāmi rāmaḥ dāśarathiḥ hi aham

15. tapovṛddha dṛḍhavikrama kasyām yonyām vartase
aham hi dāśarathiḥ rāmaḥ kautūhalāt tvām pṛcchāmi

15. O one advanced in austerity (tapas) and of firm valor, in what origin are you dwelling? I ask you out of curiosity, for I am Rāma, the son of Daśaratha.

Words meanings summery:

• कस्याम् (kasyām) - in what (kind of) (in what, of what)

• योन्याम् (yonyām) - in what origin/birth (in birth, in origin, in womb)

• तपोवृद्ध (tapovṛddha) - O one advanced in austerity (tapas) (O one grown old in austerity, O one whose austerity is great)

• वर्तसे (vartase) - you are dwelling (you exist, you dwell, you are)

• दृढविक्रम (dṛḍhavikrama) - O one of firm valor (O one of firm valor, O one of strong might)

• कौतूहलात् (kautūhalāt) - out of curiosity (out of curiosity, from wonder)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (singular) (you)

• पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask (I ask, I question)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (Rāma (proper name))

• दाशरथिः (dāśarathiḥ) - son of Daśaratha (epithet for Rāma) (son of Daśaratha)

• हि (hi) - for (explaining the reason for asking) (indeed, for, because)

• अहम् (aham) - I (first person singular) (I)

Words meanings and morphology

कस्याम् (kasyām) - in what (kind of) (in what, of what)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun.

योन्याम् (yonyām) - in what origin/birth (in birth, in origin, in womb)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yoni

yoni - womb, origin, source, birth, species

तपोवृद्ध (tapovṛddha) - O one advanced in austerity (tapas) (O one grown old in austerity, O one whose austerity is great)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tapovṛddha

tapovṛddha - grown old in austerity, enhanced by penance, whose austerity is great

Compound: `tapas` (austerity) + `vṛddha` (grown, old, increased).

Compound type : tatpurusha (tapas+vṛddha)

• tapas – austerity, penance, spiritual fervor
  noun (neuter)
• vṛddha – grown, old, increased, mature
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of root `vṛdh` (to grow, increase).
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

वर्तसे (vartase) - you are dwelling (you exist, you dwell, you are)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

present tense

2nd person singular present middle (ātmanepada) of root `vṛt`, class 1.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

दृढविक्रम (dṛḍhavikrama) - O one of firm valor (O one of firm valor, O one of strong might)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dṛḍhavikrama

dṛḍhavikrama - of firm valor, strong, resolute

Compound: `dṛḍha` (firm, strong) + `vikrama` (valor, stride, power).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dṛḍha+vikrama)

• dṛḍha – firm, strong, resolute, hard
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of root `dṛh` (to be firm).
  Root: dṛh (class 1)
• vikrama – valor, courage, power, stride
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `kram` (to step) with prefix `vi`.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

कौतूहलात् (kautūhalāt) - out of curiosity (out of curiosity, from wonder)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kautūhala

kautūhala - curiosity, wonder, eagerness

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (singular) (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

2nd person pronoun.

पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask (I ask, I question)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prach

present tense

1st person singular present active of root `prach`, class 6.

Root: prach (class 6)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (Rāma (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name, the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa)

दाशरथिः (dāśarathiḥ) - son of Daśaratha (epithet for Rāma) (son of Daśaratha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāśarathi

dāśarathi - son of Daśaratha

Patronymic from Daśaratha.

हि (hi) - for (explaining the reason for asking) (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I (first person singular) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

1st person pronoun.