वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-66, verse-14

अथैनं समुपागम्य तप्यन्तं तप उत्तमम् ।
उवाच राघवो वाक्यं धन्यस्त्वमसि सुव्रत ॥१४॥

14. athainaṃ samupāgamya tapyantaṃ tapa uttamam ,
uvāca rāghavo vākyaṃ dhanyastvamasi suvrata.

14. atha enam samupāgamya tapyantam tapaḥ uttamam
uvāca rāghavaḥ vākyam dhanyaḥ tvam asi suvrata

14. atha rāghavaḥ uttamam tapaḥ tapyantam enam
samupāgamya vākyam uvāca suvrata tvam dhanyaḥ asi

14. Then, having approached him who was performing excellent austerity (tapas), Rāghava spoke these words: "You are blessed, O virtuous one."

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then (indicating sequence) (then, next, moreover, now)

• एनम् (enam) - him (referring to the ascetic) (him, this (masculine, accusative singular))

• समुपागम्य (samupāgamya) - having approached (the ascetic) (having approached, having gone near)

• तप्यन्तम् (tapyantam) - performing (austerity), undergoing (penance) (performing penance, practicing austerity)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, spiritual fervor)

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent (austerity) (excellent, supreme, highest)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāghava (Rāma) (descendent of Raghu, Rama)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (as direct speech) (word, speech, sentence)

• धन्यः (dhanyaḥ) - blessed, fortunate (blessed, fortunate, rich)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (singular) (you)

• असि (asi) - you are

• सुव्रत (suvrata) - O virtuous one (vocative) (O one of good vows, O virtuous one)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then (indicating sequence) (then, next, moreover, now)

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him (referring to the ascetic) (him, this (masculine, accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that

समुपागम्य (samupāgamya) - having approached (the ascetic) (having approached, having gone near)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root `gam` (to go) with prefixes `sam-` and `upa-`.

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: gam (class 1)

तप्यन्तम् (tapyantam) - performing (austerity), undergoing (penance) (performing penance, practicing austerity)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tapyant

tapyant - performing penance, heating oneself, burning

present active participle

Derived from root `tap` (to heat, to perform austerity), class 4.

Root: tap (class 4)

Note: Modifies the implied object 'him'.

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, spiritual fervor)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent (austerity) (excellent, supreme, highest)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, supreme

Superlative form of 'ud' (up).

Note: Agrees with 'tapaḥ'.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense (lit)

3rd person singular perfect active of root `vac`.

Root: vac (class 2)

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāghava (Rāma) (descendent of Raghu, Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu (an epithet of Rāma)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (as direct speech) (word, speech, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, utterance

Derived from root `vac`.

Root: vac (class 2)

धन्यः (dhanyaḥ) - blessed, fortunate (blessed, fortunate, rich)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanya

dhanya - blessed, fortunate, auspicious, wealthy

Note: Predicate adjective for 'tvam'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (singular) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

2nd person pronoun.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present tense

2nd person singular present active of root `as`.

Root: as (class 2)

सुव्रत (suvrata) - O virtuous one (vocative) (O one of good vows, O virtuous one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of suvrata

suvrata - having good vows, pious, virtuous

Compound: `su` (good) + `vrata` (vow, observance).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+vrata)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)