वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-38, verse-9

भरतो लक्ष्मणश्चैव शत्रुघ्नश्च महारथः ।
आदाय तानि रत्नानि अयोध्यामगमन्पुनः ॥९॥

9. bharato lakṣmaṇaścaiva śatrughnaśca mahārathaḥ ,
ādāya tāni ratnāni ayodhyāmagamanpunaḥ.

9. bharataḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ ca eva śatrughnaḥ ca mahārathaḥ
ādāya tāni ratnāni ayodhyām agaman punaḥ

9. Bharata, Lakshmana, and indeed Shatrughna, who was a great charioteer, having taken those jewels, went back to Ayodhyā.

Words meanings summery:

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (proper name)

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana (proper name)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• शत्रुघ्नः (śatrughnaḥ) - Shatrughna (proper name)

• च (ca) - and

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - Shatrughna, a great warrior (great charioteer, great warrior)

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having received

• तानि (tāni) - those jewels (referring to the jewels from the previous verses) (those)

• रत्नानि (ratnāni) - jewels, gems

• अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - to Ayodhyā

• अगमन् (agaman) - they went

• पुनः (punaḥ) - returned (again, back)

Words meanings and morphology

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of Rāma's brother)

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'agaman'.

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (name of Rāma's brother)

Root: lakṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'agaman'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

conjunction

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

emphatic particle

Note: Adds emphasis.

शत्रुघ्नः (śatrughnaḥ) - Shatrughna (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatrughna

śatrughna - Shatrughna (name of Rāma's brother, lit. 'slayer of foes')

Compound of śatru (enemy) and ghna (slaying)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+ghna)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• ghna – killing, destroying, slayer
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'agaman'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

conjunction

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - Shatrughna, a great warrior (great charioteer, great warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, great warrior, one who can fight ten thousand warriors

Compound of mahā (great) and ratha (chariot/warrior)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, vehicle; warrior (often by extension)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rah (class 1)

Note: Appositive to Shatrughna.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having received

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed with prefix ā- and suffix -ya (after a verb with prefix)

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Conveys a prior action.

तानि (tāni) - those jewels (referring to the jewels from the previous verses) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'ratnāni'.

रत्नानि (ratnāni) - jewels, gems

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of ratna

ratna - jewel, gem, treasure

Note: Object of 'ādāya'.

अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - to Ayodhyā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - Ayodhyā (name of a city, capital of Kosala)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates destination.

अगमन् (agaman) - they went

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of gam

imperfect tense (laṅ)

3rd plural, root gam with augment a-

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

पुनः (punaḥ) - returned (again, back)

(indeclinable)

adverb

Note: Modifies 'agaman'.