वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-38, verse-1

ते प्रयाता महात्मानः पार्थिवाः सर्वतो दिशम् ।
कम्पयन्तो महीं वीराः स्वपुराणि प्रहृष्टवत् ॥१॥

1. te prayātā mahātmānaḥ pārthivāḥ sarvato diśam ,
kampayanto mahīṃ vīrāḥ svapurāṇi prahṛṣṭavat.

1. te prayātāḥ mahātmānaḥ pārthivāḥ sarvataḥ diśam
| kampayantaḥ mahīm vīrāḥ svapurāṇi prahṛṣṭavat

1. te mahātmānaḥ vīrāḥ pārthivāḥ mahīm kampayantaḥ
sarvataḥ diśam svapurāṇi prahṛṣṭavat prayātāḥ

1. Those great-souled (mahātman) heroic kings departed in all directions, shaking the earth, and joyfully returned to their own cities.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those (they, those)

• प्रयाताः (prayātāḥ) - departed (departed, gone forth)

• महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great-souled (mahātman) (great-souled, noble-minded)

• पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings (kings, princes, rulers of the earth)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - in all (from all sides, everywhere, in all respects)

• दिशम् (diśam) - directions (direction, quarter of the sky)

• कम्पयन्तः (kampayantaḥ) - shaking (causing to tremble, shaking)

• महीम् (mahīm) - the earth (the earth, ground)

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes (heroes, brave ones, warriors)

• स्वपुराणि (svapurāṇi) - their own cities

• प्रहृष्टवत् (prahṛṣṭavat) - joyfully (joyfully, as if overjoyed)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the kings.

प्रयाताः (prayātāḥ) - departed (departed, gone forth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prayāta

prayāta - departed, gone forth, deceased

Past Passive Participle

From √yā 'to go' with pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Functions as a predicate, "they had gone".

महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great-souled (mahātman) (great-souled, noble-minded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous

Compound of mahat (great) and ātman (soul, self).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies pārthivāḥ.

पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings (kings, princes, rulers of the earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, terrestrial, king, prince

Derived from pṛthivī (earth).

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - in all (from all sides, everywhere, in all respects)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from sarva (all) with the tas suffix.

दिशम् (diśam) - directions (direction, quarter of the sky)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky, region

From √diś 'to point'.

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of implied movement or direction.

कम्पयन्तः (kampayantaḥ) - shaking (causing to tremble, shaking)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kampayat

kampayat - causing to tremble, shaking

Present active participle (causative)

From causal stem of √kamp 'to tremble'.

Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Describes the kings' action.

महीम् (mahīm) - the earth (the earth, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land

Note: Object of kampayantaḥ.

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes (heroes, brave ones, warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valiant man, warrior

स्वपुराणि (svapurāṇi) - their own cities

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of svapura

svapura - one's own city or dwelling

Compound of sva (own) and pura (city).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpurusha (sva+pura)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
• pura – city, town, stronghold
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates destination.

प्रहृष्टवत् (prahṛṣṭavat) - joyfully (joyfully, as if overjoyed)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from prahṛṣṭa (overjoyed) with the vat suffix.

Note: Describes the manner of their departure.