वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-38, verse-10

आगताश्च पुरीं रम्यामयोध्यां पुरुषर्षभाः ।
ददुः सर्वाणि रत्नानि राघवाय महात्मने ॥१०॥

10. āgatāśca purīṃ ramyāmayodhyāṃ puruṣarṣabhāḥ ,
daduḥ sarvāṇi ratnāni rāghavāya mahātmane.

10. āgatāḥ ca purīm ramyām ayodhyām puruṣarṣabhāḥ
daduḥ sarvāṇi ratnāni rāghavāya mahātmane

10. And having arrived back at the charming city of Ayodhyā, those foremost among men presented all the jewels to the great-souled (mahātman) Rāghava.

Words meanings summery:

• आगताः (āgatāḥ) - having arrived, having come

• च (ca) - and

• पुरीम् (purīm) - city

• रम्याम् (ramyām) - charming, beautiful, delightful

• अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - to Ayodhyā

• पुरुषर्षभाः (puruṣarṣabhāḥ) - Bharata, Lakshmana, and Shatrughna are being referred to as the best of men. (bulls among men, best of men, foremost among men)

• ददुः (daduḥ) - they gave

• सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all, every

• रत्नानि (ratnāni) - jewels, gems

• राघवाय (rāghavāya) - to Rāma, the son of Raghu (to Rāghava, to Rāma)

• महात्मने (mahātmane) - to Rāma, who is great-souled (to the great-souled one, to the noble-minded one)

Words meanings and morphology

आगताः (āgatāḥ) - having arrived, having come

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, returned

past passive participle

From prefix ā- and root gam (to go)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to Bharata, Lakshmana, and Shatrughna.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

conjunction

पुरीम् (purīm) - city

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, fortress

Root: pur (class 1)

Note: Object of implied motion.

रम्याम् (ramyām) - charming, beautiful, delightful

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ramya

ramya - charming, beautiful, delightful, pleasing

gerundive (secondary derivation)

Derived from root ram (to delight in)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'purīm'.

अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - to Ayodhyā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - Ayodhyā (name of a city, capital of Kosala)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Appositive to 'purīm'.

पुरुषर्षभाः (puruṣarṣabhāḥ) - Bharata, Lakshmana, and Shatrughna are being referred to as the best of men. (bulls among men, best of men, foremost among men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - bull among men, best of men, chief of men

compound of puruṣa (man) and ṛṣabha (bull, best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, person, male
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull; best, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'daduḥ', referring to Bharata, Lakshmana, and Shatrughna.

ददुः (daduḥ) - they gave

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of dā

perfect tense (lit)

Intensive root reduplication, 3rd plural

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all, every

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'ratnāni'.

रत्नानि (ratnāni) - jewels, gems

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of ratna

ratna - jewel, gem, treasure

Note: Object of 'daduḥ'.

राघवाय (rāghavāya) - to Rāma, the son of Raghu (to Rāghava, to Rāma)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rāma (patronymic of Rāma)

Derived from raghu (name of an ancestor)

Note: Recipient of the gifts.

महात्मने (mahātmane) - to Rāma, who is great-souled (to the great-souled one, to the noble-minded one)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, high-minded, noble, magnanimous

Compound of mahā (great) and ātman (soul, self)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ātman – soul, self, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'rāghavāya'.