वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-37, verse-5

विसृज्य तं वयस्यं स स्वागतान्पृथिवीपतीन् ।
प्रहसन् राघवो वाक्यमुवाच मधुराक्षरम् ॥५॥

5. visṛjya taṃ vayasyaṃ sa svāgatānpṛthivīpatīn ,
prahasan rāghavo vākyamuvāca madhurākṣaram.

5. visṛjya tam vayasyam sa svāgatān pṛthivīpatīn
prahasan rāghavaḥ vākyam uvāca madhurākṣaram

5. sa rāghavaḥ tam vayasyam visṛjya svāgatān
pṛthivīpatīn prahasan madhurākṣaram vākyam uvāca

5. Having bid farewell to that friend, Raghava (Rama), smiling, spoke sweet words to the kings who had arrived.

Words meanings summery:

• विसृज्य (visṛjya) - having dismissed, having sent away, having released

• तम् (tam) - That friend (referring to Guha in context) (him, that)

• वयस्यम् (vayasyam) - friend, companion

• स (sa) - Raghava (Rama) (he)

• स्वागतान् (svāgatān) - The kings who had arrived and were greeted (welcomed ones, those who have come in welcome)

• पृथिवीपतीन् (pṛthivīpatīn) - kings, rulers of the earth

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - smiling, laughing

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama, as a descendant of Raghu (Raghava (descendant of Raghu, epithet of Rama))

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, statement, speech

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• मधुराक्षरम् (madhurākṣaram) - sweet-worded, with sweet letters/syllables

Words meanings and morphology

विसृज्य (visṛjya) - having dismissed, having sent away, having released

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From vi + √sṛj + lyp (absolutive suffix)

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

तम् (tam) - That friend (referring to Guha in context) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वयस्यम् (vayasyam) - friend, companion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vayasya

vayasya - friend, companion, contemporary (one of the same age)

स (sa) - Raghava (Rama) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

स्वागतान् (svāgatān) - The kings who had arrived and were greeted (welcomed ones, those who have come in welcome)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of svāgata

svāgata - welcomed, well-come, properly arrived

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+āgata)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• āgata – come, arrived, returned
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From ā + √gam + suffix -ta
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

पृथिवीपतीन् (pṛthivīpatīn) - kings, rulers of the earth

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pṛthivīpati

pṛthivīpati - ruler of the earth, king, sovereign

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+pati)

• pṛthivī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, ruler, husband
  noun (masculine)

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - smiling, laughing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pra-hasat

has - to laugh, smile

Present Active Participle

From pra + √has + śatṛ (present participle suffix)

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama, as a descendant of Raghu (Raghava (descendant of Raghu, epithet of Rama))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, epithet of Rama

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, statement, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, statement, speech, sentence, utterance

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

मधुराक्षरम् (madhurākṣaram) - sweet-worded, with sweet letters/syllables

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhurākṣara

madhurākṣara - sweet-worded, having sweet syllables, melodious, gentle-spoken

Compound type : karmadhāraya (madhura+akṣara)

• madhura – sweet, pleasant, charming, agreeable
  adjective
• akṣara – syllable, letter, imperishable, indestructible
  noun (neuter)