वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-50, verse-9

स तदासनमाश्रित्य कुम्भकर्णो महाबलः ।
संरक्तनयनः कोपाद् रावणं वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥९॥

9. sa tadāsanamāśritya kumbhakarṇo mahābalaḥ ,
saṃraktanayanaḥ kopād rāvaṇaṃ vākyamabravīt.

9. saḥ tat āsanam āśritya kumbhakarṇaḥ mahābalaḥ
saṃraktanayanaḥ kopāt rāvaṇam vākyam abravīt

9. saḥ kumbhakarṇaḥ mahābalaḥ tat āsanam āśritya
kopāt saṃraktanayanaḥ rāvaṇam vākyam abravīt

9. Having taken that seat, the mighty Kumbhakarṇa, his eyes reddened with anger, spoke to Rāvaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Kumbhakarṇa) (he)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the previously mentioned seat) (that)

• आसनम् (āsanam) - the seat (that was given to him) (seat)

• आश्रित्य (āśritya) - having occupied (the seat) (having resorted to, having taken, having occupied)

• कुम्भकर्णः (kumbhakarṇaḥ) - Kumbhakarṇa, the subject of the sentence (Kumbhakarṇa)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - the mighty one (Kumbhakarṇa) (mighty, very strong)

• संरक्तनयनः (saṁraktanayanaḥ) - with his eyes reddened (due to anger) (having reddened eyes)

• कोपात् (kopāt) - due to anger (from anger)

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - to Rāvaṇa

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - these words (words, speech, statement)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he (Kumbhakarṇa) spoke (he said, he spoke)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Kumbhakarṇa) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Kumbhakarṇa.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the previously mentioned seat) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Adjective for āsanam.

आसनम् (āsanam) - the seat (that was given to him) (seat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āsana

āsana - seat, sitting, posture

From root ās (to sit) + ana suffix.

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Object of āśritya.

आश्रित्य (āśritya) - having occupied (the seat) (having resorted to, having taken, having occupied)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root śri (to resort to) with prefix ā, and lyap suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Action performed by Kumbhakarṇa.

कुम्भकर्णः (kumbhakarṇaḥ) - Kumbhakarṇa, the subject of the sentence (Kumbhakarṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumbhakarṇa

kumbhakarṇa - Kumbhakarṇa (name of Rāvaṇa's brother)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kumbha+karṇa)

• kumbha – pot, jar
  noun (masculine)
• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of abravīt.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - the mighty one (Kumbhakarṇa) (mighty, very strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - mighty, very strong, of great strength

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, enormous
  adjective
  Combining form of mahat.
• bala – strength, power, might
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective for Kumbhakarṇa.

संरक्तनयनः (saṁraktanayanaḥ) - with his eyes reddened (due to anger) (having reddened eyes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃraktanayana

saṁraktanayana - having reddened eyes, with bloodshot eyes

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sam+rakta+nayana)

• sam – together, completely, well
  indeclinable
  Prefix to a verb or part of a compound.
• rakta – red, colored, dyed, impassioned
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root rañj (to color) with kta suffix.
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• nayana – eye, leading
  noun (neuter)
  From root nī (to lead) + ana suffix (that which leads/guides, i.e., eye).
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Adjective for Kumbhakarṇa.

कोपात् (kopāt) - due to anger (from anger)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kopa

kopa - anger, fury, wrath

From root kup (to be angry).

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Indicates the cause for reddened eyes.

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - to Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the Rākṣasa king of Lankā)

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Indirect object of abravīt.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - these words (words, speech, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, statement

From vac (to speak) + ya suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of abravīt.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he (Kumbhakarṇa) spoke (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect tense, parasmaipada

From root brū (to speak, 2nd class). Augment 'a-' indicates past tense.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The subject is Kumbhakarṇa.

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