वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-1, verse-7

यो हि भृत्यो नियुक्तः सन्भर्त्रा कर्मणि दुष्करे ।
कुर्यात्तदनुरागेण तमाहुः पुरुषोत्तमम् ॥७॥

7. yo hi bhṛtyo niyuktaḥ sanbhartrā karmaṇi duṣkare ,
kuryāttadanurāgeṇa tamāhuḥ puruṣottamam.

7. yaḥ hi bhṛtyaḥ नियुक्तः san bhartrā karmaṇi
duṣkare kuryāt tat anurāgeṇa tam āhuḥ puruṣottamam

7. yaḥ bhṛtyaḥ hi bhartrā duṣkare karmaṇi नियुक्तः
san tat anurāgeṇa kuryāt tam puruṣottamam āhuḥ

7. Indeed, a servant who, being assigned by his master to a difficult task, performs it with devotion to that master, is called the best among men (puruṣottama).

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who (the servant) (who, which, what, that)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• भृत्यः (bhṛtyaḥ) - servant (servant, dependant, hireling, one to be supported)

• नियुक्तः (niyuktaḥ) - appointed (appointed, assigned, employed, ordered, enjoined)

• सन् (san) - being (being, existing, good, virtuous, real)

• भर्त्रा (bhartrā) - by the master (by the master, by the lord, by the husband, by the supporter)

• कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - in the task (in the action, in the work, in the duty, in the deed, in the rite)

• दुष्करे (duṣkare) - difficult (difficult, hard to do, arduous, impossible)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - performs (he should do, he would do, he might do, he performs)

• तत् (tat) - that (master) (that, that one, him, it)

• अनुरागेण (anurāgeṇa) - with devotion (with affection, with attachment, with love, with devotion)

• तम् (tam) - him (the servant) (him, that one)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they call (they say, they speak, they tell, they call)

• पुरुषोत्तमम् (puruṣottamam) - the best among men (puruṣottama) (best among men, supreme person, excellent man)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who (the servant) (who, which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whatever

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

भृत्यः (bhṛtyaḥ) - servant (servant, dependant, hireling, one to be supported)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhṛtya

bhṛtya - servant, dependant, hireling, one to be supported or maintained

Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, support) + tya suffix

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

नियुक्तः (niyuktaḥ) - appointed (appointed, assigned, employed, ordered, enjoined)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyukta

niyukta - appointed, assigned, employed, ordered, enjoined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ni-yuj (to join, apply, appoint)

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

सन् (san) - being (being, existing, good, virtuous, real)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, real, true

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

भर्त्रा (bhartrā) - by the master (by the master, by the lord, by the husband, by the supporter)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - master, lord, husband, supporter, nourisher

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - in the task (in the action, in the work, in the duty, in the deed, in the rite)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, duty, religious rite, destiny (karma)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

दुष्करे (duṣkare) - difficult (difficult, hard to do, arduous, impossible)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult, hard to do, arduous, impossible

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+kara)

• dus – bad, difficult, hard, ill (prefix)
  indeclinable
• kara – doer, maker, performing, causing, hand, ray
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - performs (he should do, he would do, he might do, he performs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तत् (tat) - that (master) (that, that one, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

Note: Implied object of devotion

अनुरागेण (anurāgeṇa) - with devotion (with affection, with attachment, with love, with devotion)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anurāga

anurāga - affection, attachment, love, devotion, passion, coloring

Derived from anu-rañj (to be reddened after, to become attached to)

Prefix: anu

Root: rañj (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him (the servant) (him, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they call (they say, they speak, they tell, they call)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of brū

3rd person plural perfect active

Root: brū (class 2)

पुरुषोत्तमम् (puruṣottamam) - the best among men (puruṣottama) (best among men, supreme person, excellent man)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣottama

puruṣottama - best among men, supreme person, excellent man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+uttama)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme, excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of 'ud'