वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-1, verse-2

कृतं हनुमता कार्यं सुमहद्भुवि दुष्करम् ।
मनसापि यदन्येन न शक्यं धरणीतले ॥२॥

2. kṛtaṃ hanumatā kāryaṃ sumahadbhuvi duṣkaram ,
manasāpi yadanyena na śakyaṃ dharaṇītale.

2. kṛtam hanumatā kāryam sumahat bhuvi duṣkaram
manasā api yat anyena na śakyam dharaṇītale

2. An exceedingly great and difficult task has been accomplished by Hanuman on earth, one that no other could accomplish, not even conceive of, in this world.

Words meanings summery:

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - The task was accomplished by Hanuman. (done, performed, accomplished)

• हनुमता (hanumatā) - By the monkey-hero Hanuman. (by Hanuman)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - The specific task of finding Sita and returning with the news. (deed, task, work, what should be done)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, exceedingly great, enormous

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

• दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult to do, arduous, impossible

• मनसा (manasā) - Not even imagined or conceived of. (by mind, with the mind, even in thought)

• अपि (api) - Emphasizes 'not even by thought'. (even, also)

• यत् (yat) - Refers to the 'kāryam' (task). (which, that)

• अन्येन (anyena) - By any other person or being. (by another, by any other)

• न (na) - not, no

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - Not possible to be done or accomplished. (possible, capable of being done)

• धरणीतले (dharaṇītale) - on the surface of the earth, in the world

Words meanings and morphology

कृतम् (kṛtam) - The task was accomplished by Hanuman. (done, performed, accomplished)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished

past passive participle

From root √kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'kāryam'

हनुमता (hanumatā) - By the monkey-hero Hanuman. (by Hanuman)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hanumat

hanumat - Hanuman (proper name)

Masculine noun, ending in -mat.

Note: Agent of 'kṛtam'

कार्यम् (kāryam) - The specific task of finding Sita and returning with the news. (deed, task, work, what should be done)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, fit to be done, duty, task

gerundive (future passive participle)

From root √kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -ya. Also functions as a neuter noun meaning 'work, task'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'kṛtam'

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, exceedingly great, enormous

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, exceeding, huge

Compound of 'su' (good, very) + 'mahat' (great).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix/adverb.
• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)
  Neuter nominative/accusative singular form.

Note: Qualifies 'kāryam'

भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, place, world

Feminine noun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Location

दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult to do, arduous, impossible

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult to do, hard, arduous, impossible

Compound of 'dus' (bad, difficult) + 'kara' (maker, doer, doing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+kara)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix.
• kara – doing, making, performer
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/gerundive
  From root √kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'kāryam'

मनसा (manasā) - Not even imagined or conceived of. (by mind, with the mind, even in thought)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, intention

Neuter noun, s-stem.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Instrument of conception/thinking

अपि (api) - Emphasizes 'not even by thought'. (even, also)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Emphasis

यत् (yat) - Refers to the 'kāryam' (task). (which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, what

Relative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular.

Note: Subject of the dependent clause

अन्येन (anyena) - By any other person or being. (by another, by any other)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Masculine/neuter instrumental singular.

Note: Agent in the passive construction 'na śakyam'

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates 'śakyam'

शक्यम् (śakyam) - Not possible to be done or accomplished. (possible, capable of being done)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, practicable, capable of, fit for

gerundive (future passive participle)

From root √śak (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'yat'

धरणीतले (dharaṇītale) - on the surface of the earth, in the world

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dharaṇītala

dharaṇītala - surface of the earth, ground, world

Compound: 'dharaṇī' (earth) + 'tala' (surface).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dharaṇī+tala)

• dharaṇī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
  From root √dhṛ (to hold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• tala – surface, plane, bottom
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location

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