वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-59, verse-10

ते तद्वनमुपागम्य बभूवुः परमोत्कटाः ।
वानरा वानरेन्द्रस्य मनःकान्ततमं महत् ॥१०॥

10. te tadvanamupāgamya babhūvuḥ paramotkaṭāḥ ,
vānarā vānarendrasya manaḥkāntatamaṃ mahat.

10. te tat vanam upāgamya babhūvuḥ parama utkaṭāḥ
vānarāḥ vānarendrasya manaḥkāntatamam mahat

10. Having approached that great forest, which was most pleasing to the mind of the lord of monkeys (Sugriva), those monkeys became exceedingly excited.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they

• तत् (tat) - that (forest) (that, it)

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

• उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached, having gone near

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became, they were

• परम (parama) - extremely (intensifying 'utkaṭāḥ') (supreme, excellent, highest, extreme)

• उत्कटाः (utkaṭāḥ) - greatly excited, exuberant, intense

• वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

• वानरेन्द्रस्य (vānarendrasya) - of Sugriva, who is the lord of monkeys (of the lord of monkeys)

• मनःकान्ततमम् (manaḥkāntatamam) - most pleasing to the mind, most charming

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, vast

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the monkeys.

तत् (tat) - that (forest) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to vanam (forest).

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Object of upāgamya.

उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached, having gone near

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from √gam (to go) with upasargas upa- and ā-

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became, they were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect active 3rd plural

Root: bhū (class 1)

परम (parama) - extremely (intensifying 'utkaṭāḥ') (supreme, excellent, highest, extreme)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parama

parama - highest, supreme, excellent, chief

Note: Modifies utkaṭāḥ.

उत्कटाः (utkaṭāḥ) - greatly excited, exuberant, intense

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of utkaṭa

utkaṭa - exuberant, excessive, intense, violent, excited

Prefix: ut

Root: kaṭ

Note: Agrees with vānarāḥ. The compound 'paramotkaṭāḥ' means 'extremely excited'.

वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey

Note: Subject of babhūvuḥ.

वानरेन्द्रस्य (vānarendrasya) - of Sugriva, who is the lord of monkeys (of the lord of monkeys)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vānarendra

vānarendra - king of monkeys, chief of monkeys

Compound type : tatpurusha (vānara+indra)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Sugrīva.

मनःकान्ततमम् (manaḥkāntatamam) - most pleasing to the mind, most charming

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manaḥkāntatama

manaḥkāntatama - most delightful to the mind, most charming

Superlative degree of manaḥkānta

Compound type : tatpurusha (manas+kāntatama)

• manas – mind, intellect
  noun (neuter)
• kāntatama – most beloved, most pleasing
  adjective (neuter)
  Superlative of kānta

Note: Agrees with vanam.

महत् (mahat) - great, large, vast

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, noble

Note: Agrees with vanam.

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