वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-31, verse-24

प्रागेव तु महाभागः सौमित्रिर्मित्रनन्दनः ।
पूर्वजस्यानुयात्रार्थे द्रुमचीरैरलंकृतः ॥२४॥

24. prāgeva tu mahābhāgaḥ saumitrirmitranandanaḥ ,
pūrvajasyānuyātrārthe drumacīrairalaṃkṛtaḥ.

24. prāk eva tu mahābhāgaḥ saumitriḥ mitranandanaḥ
pūrvajasya anuyātrārthe drumacīraiḥ alaṅkṛtaḥ

24. tu prāk eva mahābhāgaḥ mitranandanaḥ saumitriḥ pūrvajasya anuyātrārthe drumacīraiḥ alaṅkṛtaḥ.

24. But even earlier, the highly fortunate Saumitri, the delight of his friends, had adorned himself with tree-bark garments to accompany his elder brother.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राक् (prāk) - before, earlier, eastward

• एव (eva) - even, just, indeed

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• महाभागः (mahābhāgaḥ) - highly fortunate, highly esteemed, noble

• सौमित्रिः (saumitriḥ) - Lakshmana (son of Sumitra)

• मित्रनन्दनः (mitranandanaḥ) - delighter of friends, gladdener of friends

• पूर्वजस्य (pūrvajasya) - of his elder brother (Rama) (of the elder brother, of the first-born)

• अनुयात्रार्थे (anuyātrārthe) - for the purpose of following/accompanying

• द्रुमचीरैः (drumacīraiḥ) - with tree-bark garments

• अलङ्कृतः (alaṅkṛtaḥ) - adorned, decorated, prepared

Words meanings and morphology

प्राक् (prāk) - before, earlier, eastward

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to time.

एव (eva) - even, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

महाभागः (mahābhāgaḥ) - highly fortunate, highly esteemed, noble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - highly fortunate, noble, highly esteemed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bhāga)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• bhāga – share, fortune, destiny
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Saumitri (Lakshmana).

सौमित्रिः (saumitriḥ) - Lakshmana (son of Sumitra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitrā (Lakshmana)

Patronymic from Sumitrā

Note: Refers to Lakshmana.

मित्रनन्दनः (mitranandanaḥ) - delighter of friends, gladdener of friends

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mitranandana

mitranandana - delighter of friends

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mitra+nandana)

• mitra – friend
  noun (masculine)
• nandana – delighting, gladdening, son
  adjective
  Agent Noun
  From √nand (to rejoice)
  Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Saumitri (Lakshmana).

पूर्वजस्य (pūrvajasya) - of his elder brother (Rama) (of the elder brother, of the first-born)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pūrvaja

pūrvaja - born before, elder brother

From pūrva (before) + √jan (to be born)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+ja)

• pūrva – before, prior, east
  adjective
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  Agent Noun
  From √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Rama.

अनुयात्रार्थे (anuyātrārthe) - for the purpose of following/accompanying

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anuyātrārtha

anuyātrārtha - purpose of following, for accompanying

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anuyātrā+artha)

• anuyātrā – following, accompanying
  noun (feminine)
  From anu- + √yā (to go)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: yā (class 2)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to indicate purpose.

द्रुमचीरैः (drumacīraiḥ) - with tree-bark garments

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of drumacīra

drumacīra - tree-bark garment

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (druma+cīra)

• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)
• cīra – strip of cloth, bark-garment
  noun (neuter)

Note: Means 'with garments made of tree bark'.

अलङ्कृतः (alaṅkṛtaḥ) - adorned, decorated, prepared

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alaṅkṛta

alaṅkṛta - adorned, decorated, prepared, made ready

Past Passive Participle

From alaṃ- + √kṛ (to do, make)

Prefix: alam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies Saumitri (Lakshmana).

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