वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-31, verse-23

साहं तस्याग्रतस्तूर्णं प्रस्थिता वनचारिणी ।
न हि मे तेन हीनाया वासः स्वर्गे ऽपि रोचते ॥२३॥

23. sāhaṃ tasyāgratastūrṇaṃ prasthitā vanacāriṇī ,
na hi me tena hīnāyā vāsaḥ svarge'pi rocate.

23. sā aham tasya agrataḥ tūrṇam prasthitā vanacāriṇī
na hi me tena hīnāyāḥ vāsaḥ svarge api rocate

23. sā aham vanacāriṇī tasya agrataḥ tūrṇam prasthitā.
hi tena hīnāyāḥ me svarge api vāsaḥ na rocate.

23. As a forest-dweller, I quickly set out ahead of him. Indeed, a residence, even in heaven, does not please me if I am separated from him.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - she, that

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तस्य (tasya) - of him (Rama) (of him, his)

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of, before, ahead

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

• प्रस्थिता (prasthitā) - set out, departed, proceeded

• वनचारिणी (vanacāriṇī) - forest-dweller, one who roams the forest

• न (na) - not

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• तेन (tena) - by him (Rama) (by him, with him, from him)

• हीनायाः (hīnāyāḥ) - separated from him (deprived of, bereft of, abandoned by)

• वासः (vāsaḥ) - dwelling, residence, abode

• स्वर्गे (svarge) - in heaven, in paradise

• अपि (api) - even, also

• रोचते (rocate) - is pleasing, delights, shines

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - she, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Agrees with 'aham' (I), referring to Sita.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: The speaker, Sita.

तस्य (tasya) - of him (Rama) (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rama.

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of, before, ahead

(indeclinable)

ablative of agra (front)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

प्रस्थिता (prasthitā) - set out, departed, proceeded

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prasthita

prasthita - set out, departed, gone forth

Past Passive Participle

From pra- + √sthā (to stand)

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to the speaker (Sita).

वनचारिणी (vanacāriṇī) - forest-dweller, one who roams the forest

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vanacāriṇī

vanacāriṇī - forest-dweller, a female forest-dweller

Feminine form of vanacārin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+cārin)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – moving, going, dweller
  adjective
  Agent Noun
  From √car (to move) + ṇini
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Refers to Sita.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, we

Note: Dative of interest, indicating 'to me' or 'for me'.

तेन (tena) - by him (Rama) (by him, with him, from him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rama. Used with 'hīnāyāḥ' to indicate separation ('deprived of him').

हीनायाः (hīnāyāḥ) - separated from him (deprived of, bereft of, abandoned by)

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, singular of hīna

hīna - deprived of, wanting, inferior, abandoned

Past Passive Participle

From √hā (to abandon)

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with the implied genitive form of 'me' (to me, who is deprived).

वासः (vāsaḥ) - dwelling, residence, abode

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsa

vāsa - dwelling, residence, abode

From √vas (to dwell)

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'rocate'.

स्वर्गे (svarge) - in heaven, in paradise

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Intensifying particle.

रोचते (rocate) - is pleasing, delights, shines

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ruc

Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: Takes dative for the person to whom something is pleasing.