वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-17, verse-20

आयाचमानां दुःखार्तां प्राञ्जलिं देवतामिव ।
भावेन रघुमुख्यस्य दशग्रीवपराभवम् ॥२०॥

20. āyācamānāṃ duḥkhārtāṃ prāñjaliṃ devatāmiva ,
bhāvena raghumukhyasya daśagrīvaparābhavam.

20. āyācamānām duḥkhārtām prāñjalim devatām iva
bhāvena raghumukhyasya daśagrīvaparābhavam

20. She was beseeching, tormented by sorrow, with folded hands like a deity, anticipating the defeat of Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa) through the resolve of Rāma, the foremost of the Raghus.

Words meanings summery:

• आयाचमानाम् (āyācamānām) - imploring (referring to Sītā) (imploring, beseeching, begging (accusative))

• दुःखार्ताम् (duḥkhārtām) - tormented by sorrow (referring to Sītā) (afflicted by sorrow, suffering from pain (accusative))

• प्राञ्जलिम् (prāñjalim) - with hands joined in supplication (referring to Sītā) (with folded hands, having joined palms (accusative))

• देवताम् (devatām) - a deity, a goddess (accusative)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• भावेन (bhāvena) - through the resolve or determination (by the intention, by the feeling, by the disposition)

• रघुमुख्यस्य (raghumukhyasya) - of Rāma, who is the principal figure of the Raghu dynasty (of Rāma, the chief of the Raghus)

• दशग्रीवपराभवम् (daśagrīvaparābhavam) - the defeat of the demon king Rāvaṇa (the defeat of Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa) (accusative))

Words meanings and morphology

आयाचमानाम् (āyācamānām) - imploring (referring to Sītā) (imploring, beseeching, begging (accusative))

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āyācamāna

āyācamāna - imploring, begging, requesting, supplicating

Present Middle Participle

From ā- (towards) + √yāc (class 1, P) 'to ask, beg'.

Prefix: ā

Root: yāc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied feminine object (Sītā).

दुःखार्ताम् (duḥkhārtām) - tormented by sorrow (referring to Sītā) (afflicted by sorrow, suffering from pain (accusative))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duḥkhārta

duḥkhārta - afflicted by sorrow, tormented by pain, distressed by suffering

Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥkha+ārta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, misery, discomfort
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, tormented, pained, hurt
  participle/adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root √ṛ (class 1, P) 'to hurt, injure' or related to √ṛ 'to go' with ā- prefix for distress.
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied feminine object (Sītā).

प्राञ्जलिम् (prāñjalim) - with hands joined in supplication (referring to Sītā) (with folded hands, having joined palms (accusative))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - with folded hands (gesture of reverence or supplication), having joined palms

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forward, forth, before, very, fully
  indeclinable
• añjali – hollow of the hands, folded hands (as a gesture of reverence)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with the implied feminine object (Sītā).

देवताम् (devatām) - a deity, a goddess (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of devatā

devatā - a deity, divinity, godhead, goddess, an idol

From 'deva' (god) + '-tā' (abstract suffix).

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle used to introduce a comparison.

भावेन (bhāvena) - through the resolve or determination (by the intention, by the feeling, by the disposition)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhāva

bhāva - state of being, sentiment, intention, disposition, will, mind, love, nature, resolve

From the root √bhū 'to be, exist'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Here indicates the means or cause.

रघुमुख्यस्य (raghumukhyasya) - of Rāma, who is the principal figure of the Raghu dynasty (of Rāma, the chief of the Raghus)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of raghumukhya

raghumukhya - chief of the Raghus, foremost among the Raghus (a lineage, here referring to Rāma)

Compound type : tatpurusha (raghu+mukhya)

• raghu – Raghu (name of an ancient king, ancestor of Rāma; the lineage or dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost, main, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rāma.

दशग्रीवपराभवम् (daśagrīvaparābhavam) - the defeat of the demon king Rāvaṇa (the defeat of Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa) (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daśagrīvaparābhava

daśagrīvaparābhava - the defeat of Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa), the humiliation of the ten-necked one

Compound type : tatpurusha (daśagrīva+parābhava)

• daśagrīva – Daśagrīva (ten-necked one, an epithet of Rāvaṇa)
  proper noun (masculine)
• parābhava – defeat, overthrow, humiliation, degradation, disgrace
  noun (masculine)
  From parā- (away, over, beyond) + √bhū (class 1, P) 'to be, become'.
  Prefix: parā
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'anticipating' (implied by the context).

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