वाल्मीकि-रामायणम्
vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam
-
book-4, chapter-62, verse-5
उत्थितां मरणे बुद्धिं मुनि वाक्यैर्निवर्तये ।
बुद्धिर्या तेन मे दत्ता प्राणसंरक्षणाय तु ।
सा मे ऽपनयते दुःखं दीप्तेवाग्निशिखा तमः ॥५॥
बुद्धिर्या तेन मे दत्ता प्राणसंरक्षणाय तु ।
सा मे ऽपनयते दुःखं दीप्तेवाग्निशिखा तमः ॥५॥
5. utthitāṃ maraṇe buddhiṃ muni vākyairnivartaye ,
buddhiryā tena me dattā prāṇasaṃrakṣaṇāya tu ,
sā me'panayate duḥkhaṃ dīptevāgniśikhā tamaḥ.
buddhiryā tena me dattā prāṇasaṃrakṣaṇāya tu ,
sā me'panayate duḥkhaṃ dīptevāgniśikhā tamaḥ.
5.
utthitām maraṇe buddhim muni-vākyaiḥ
nivartaye buddhiḥ yā tena me dattā
prāṇa-saṃrakṣaṇāya tu sā me apanayate
duḥkham dīptā iva agni-śikhā tamaḥ
nivartaye buddhiḥ yā tena me dattā
prāṇa-saṃrakṣaṇāya tu sā me apanayate
duḥkham dīptā iva agni-śikhā tamaḥ
5.
maraṇe utthitām buddhim muni-vākyaiḥ
nivartaye yā buddhiḥ tena me
prāṇa-saṃrakṣaṇāya tu dattā sā me duḥkham
apanayate dīptā agni-śikhā iva tamaḥ
nivartaye yā buddhiḥ tena me
prāṇa-saṃrakṣaṇāya tu dattā sā me duḥkham
apanayate dīptā agni-śikhā iva tamaḥ
5.
I should avert the thought of death by the words of the sage (muni). The intellect that was given to me by him for the preservation of life, that intellect removes my sorrow, just as a blazing flame of fire dispels darkness.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- उत्थिताम् (utthitām) - risen (in the mind), appeared (in the mind) (risen, elevated, appeared, standing up)
- मरणे (maraṇe) - regarding death (in death, at the time of dying)
- बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - thought (of death) (intellect, understanding, mind, thought)
- मुनि-वाक्यैः (muni-vākyaiḥ) - by the instructive words of the sage (by the words of the sage)
- निवर्तये (nivartaye) - I should remove/avert (the thought) (I should turn back, avert, remove, desist)
- बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - the intellect, the thought (intellect, understanding, mind, thought)
- या (yā) - which (which, who (feminine singular nominative))
- तेन (tena) - by him (by him, by that (masculine/neuter instrumental singular))
- मे (me) - to me (to me, my (dative/genitive singular of aham))
- दत्ता (dattā) - given (given, granted)
- प्राण-संरक्षणाय (prāṇa-saṁrakṣaṇāya) - for the preservation of life (for the protection of life/breaths)
- तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (but, indeed, yet)
- सा (sā) - that (intellect) (she, that (feminine singular nominative))
- मे (me) - my (my, to me (dative/genitive singular of aham))
- अपनयते (apanayate) - removes, dispels (it removes, takes away, dispels)
- दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow (sorrow, suffering, pain, misery)
- दीप्ता (dīptā) - blazing (blazing, shining, luminous (feminine nominative singular))
- इव (iva) - just as, like (like, as, as it were)
- अग्नि-शिखा (agni-śikhā) - flame of fire
- तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (darkness, ignorance)
Words meanings and morphology
उत्थिताम् (utthitām) - risen (in the mind), appeared (in the mind) (risen, elevated, appeared, standing up)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of utthita
utthita - risen, standing up, elevated, appeared
Past Passive Participle
From ut- (prefix) + root sthā (to stand)
Prefix: ut
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Qualifies buddhim.
मरणे (maraṇe) - regarding death (in death, at the time of dying)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of maraṇa
maraṇa - death, dying
From root mṛ (to die)
Root: mṛ (class 6)
बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - thought (of death) (intellect, understanding, mind, thought)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of buddhi
buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception, thought
From root budh (to know, perceive)
Root: budh (class 1)
Note: Object of nivartaye.
मुनि-वाक्यैः (muni-vākyaiḥ) - by the instructive words of the sage (by the words of the sage)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of muni-vākya
muni-vākya - words of a sage
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+vākya)
- muni – sage, ascetic
noun (masculine) - vākya – word, speech, sentence
noun (neuter)
निवर्तये (nivartaye) - I should remove/avert (the thought) (I should turn back, avert, remove, desist)
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of nivart
Present Tense, Active Voice, Parasmaipada
From ni- (prefix) + root vṛt (to turn, exist). 1st person singular, optative.
Prefix: ni
Root: vṛt (class 1)
बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - the intellect, the thought (intellect, understanding, mind, thought)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi
buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception, thought
From root budh (to know, perceive)
Root: budh (class 1)
Note: Subject of the second sentence.
या (yā) - which (which, who (feminine singular nominative))
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of yad
yad - which, who, what
Relative pronoun.
Note: Refers to buddhiḥ.
तेन (tena) - by him (by him, by that (masculine/neuter instrumental singular))
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Agent of dattā.
मे (me) - to me (to me, my (dative/genitive singular of aham))
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me
1st person pronoun.
Note: Expresses recipient.
दत्ता (dattā) - given (given, granted)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of datta
datta - given, granted
Past Passive Participle
From root dā (to give)
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Qualifies buddhiḥ.
प्राण-संरक्षणाय (prāṇa-saṁrakṣaṇāya) - for the preservation of life (for the protection of life/breaths)
(noun)
Dative, neuter, singular of prāṇa-saṃrakṣaṇa
prāṇa-saṁrakṣaṇa - protection of life, preservation of breath
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+saṃrakṣaṇa)
- prāṇa – life-breath, vital air, life
noun (masculine) - saṃrakṣaṇa – protection, preservation
noun (neuter)
From sam- (prefix) + root rakṣ (to protect)
Prefix: sam
Root: rakṣ (class 1)
Note: Expresses purpose.
तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (but, indeed, yet)
(indeclinable)
Particle.
Note: Emphatic.
सा (sā) - that (intellect) (she, that (feminine singular nominative))
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Refers to buddhiḥ. Subject of apanayate.
मे (me) - my (my, to me (dative/genitive singular of aham))
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me
1st person pronoun.
Note: Possessive, qualifying duḥkham.
अपनयते (apanayate) - removes, dispels (it removes, takes away, dispels)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of apanay
Present Tense, Middle Voice (Ātmanepada)
From apa- (prefix) + root nī (to lead). 3rd person singular, present indicative.
Prefix: apa
Root: nī (class 1)
दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow (sorrow, suffering, pain, misery)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha
duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, misery, unhappiness
Note: Object of apanayate.
दीप्ता (dīptā) - blazing (blazing, shining, luminous (feminine nominative singular))
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of dīpta
dīpta - blazing, shining, illuminated, inflamed
Past Passive Participle
From root dīp (to shine, blaze)
Root: dīp (class 4)
Note: Qualifies agni-śikhā.
इव (iva) - just as, like (like, as, as it were)
(indeclinable)
Particle expressing comparison.
अग्नि-शिखा (agni-śikhā) - flame of fire
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of agni-śikhā
agni-śikhā - flame of fire, point of fire
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agni+śikhā)
- agni – fire, god of fire
noun (masculine) - śikhā – flame, crest, tuft, peak
noun (feminine)
Note: The subject of the comparison with sā buddhiḥ.
तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (darkness, ignorance)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tamas
tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, illusion
Root: tam (class 4)
Note: Object of implied 'dispels' (by agni-śikhā).