वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-62, verse-1

एतैरन्यैश्च बहुभिर्वाक्यैर्वाक्यविशारदः ।
मां प्रशस्याभ्यनुज्ञाप्य प्रविष्टः स स्वमाश्रमम् ॥१॥

1. etairanyaiśca bahubhirvākyairvākyaviśāradaḥ ,
māṃ praśasyābhyanujñāpya praviṣṭaḥ sa svamāśramam.

1. etaiḥ anyaiḥ ca bahubhiḥ vākyaiḥ vākyaviśāradaḥ mām
praśasya abhyanujñāpya praviṣṭaḥ saḥ svam āśramam

1. saḥ vākyaviśāradaḥ etaiḥ anyaiḥ ca bahubhiḥ vākyaiḥ
mām praśasya abhyanujñāpya svam āśramam praviṣṭaḥ

1. The speaker, an expert in discourse, praised me with these and many other words. After obtaining my permission, he then entered his own hermitage (āśrama).

Words meanings summery:

• एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these, with these

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others, with others

• च (ca) - and, also

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many, with many

• वाक्यैः (vākyaiḥ) - by words, with speeches, by sentences

• वाक्यविशारदः (vākyaviśāradaḥ) - expert in speech/sentences

• माम् (mām) - me

• प्रशस्य (praśasya) - having praised

• अभ्यनुज्ञाप्य (abhyanujñāpya) - having taken permission, having obtained leave

• प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - entered, having entered

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• स्वम् (svam) - his own

• आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage, retreat

Words meanings and morphology

एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these, with these

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of etat

etat - this, that

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others, with others

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Agrees with `vākyaiḥ`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many, with many

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Agrees with `vākyaiḥ`.

वाक्यैः (vākyaiḥ) - by words, with speeches, by sentences

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vākya

vākya - speech, sentence, word, utterance

वाक्यविशारदः (vākyaviśāradaḥ) - expert in speech/sentences

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vākyaviśārada

vākyaviśārada - expert in speech, skilled in discourse

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vākya+viśārada)

• vākya – speech, sentence, word
  noun (neuter)
• viśārada – skilled, expert, proficient
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to the subject of the sentence, 'he'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

प्रशस्य (praśasya) - having praised

(indeclinable)

absolutive

gerund formed with `pra-` prefix and root `śaṃs` (to praise)

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Formed from `pra` + `śaṃs` + `ya` (absolutive ending).

अभ्यनुज्ञाप्य (abhyanujñāpya) - having taken permission, having obtained leave

(indeclinable)

absolutive (causative)

gerund formed with `abhi-anu-` prefixes and root `jñā` (to know), with causative suffix `-āpaya`

Prefixes: abhi+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - entered, having entered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, having entered

past passive participle

formed from `pra-` prefix and root `viś` (to enter)

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Refers to the subject of the sentence.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the sentence.

स्वम् (svam) - his own

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sva

sva - one's own, personal, property

Note: Agrees with `āśramam`.

आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage, retreat

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, monastic retreat, stage of life

from `ā-śram` (to toil, exert)

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)