वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-61, verse-1

एवमुक्त्वा मुनिश्रेष्ठमरुदं दुःखितो भृशम् ।
अथ ध्यात्वा मुहूर्तं तु भगवानिदमब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. evamuktvā muniśreṣṭhamarudaṃ duḥkhito bhṛśam ,
atha dhyātvā muhūrtaṃ tu bhagavānidamabravīt.

1. evam uktvā muniśreṣṭham arudam duḥkhitaḥ bhṛśam
atha dhyātvā muhūrtam tu bhagavān idam abravīt

1. evam muniśreṣṭham uktvā aham bhṛśam duḥkhitaḥ arudam
atha tu bhagavān muhūrtam dhyātvā idam abravīt

1. Having spoken thus to the best of sages, I, greatly distressed, wept profusely. Then, having meditated for a moment, the venerable one (Bhagavān) said this.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• मुनिश्रेष्ठम् (muniśreṣṭham) - to the best of sages, to the foremost sage

• अरुदम् (arudam) - I cried, I wept

• दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - distressed, sorrowful, suffering

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, intensely

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• ध्यात्वा (dhyātvā) - having meditated, having contemplated

• मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment, for an instant

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - venerable one, lord, divine one

• इदम् (idam) - this, this (thing)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) of root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

मुनिश्रेष्ठम् (muniśreṣṭham) - to the best of sages, to the foremost sage

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of muniśreṣṭha

muniśreṣṭha - best of sages, foremost sage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+śreṣṭha)

• muni – sage, ascetic, hermit
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, foremost, most excellent
  adjective
  Superlative of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy)

अरुदम् (arudam) - I cried, I wept

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of rud

Imperfect 1st Person Singular

Imperfect tense, parasmaipada, 1st person singular of root 'rud'

Root: rud (class 2)

दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - distressed, sorrowful, suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - distressed, sorrowful, suffering, pained

Past Passive Participle

From 'duḥkha' (suffering) + 'ita' suffix or root 'duḥkh' (to suffer)

Root: duḥkh (class 10)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'I'.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, intensely

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter of 'bhṛśa' used as an adverb

Note: Used as an adverb modifying 'arudam' (wept).

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

ध्यात्वा (dhyātvā) - having meditated, having contemplated

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) of root 'dhyai' (to meditate)

Root: dhyai (class 1)

मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment, for an instant

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - moment, instant, a period of time (approx. 48 minutes)

Note: Used adverbially to indicate duration.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

भगवान् (bhagavān) - venerable one, lord, divine one

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - venerable, fortunate, divine, lord, God

Possessive adjective/noun from 'bhaga' (fortune)

इदम् (idam) - this, this (thing)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this (thing)

Note: Refers to the speech that follows.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect 3rd Person Singular

Imperfect tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person singular of root 'brū'

Root: brū (class 2)