वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-50, verse-3

महद्धिरण्या विवरं प्रविष्टाः स्म पिपासिताः ।
इमांस्त्वेवं विधान्भावान् विविधानद्भुतोपमान् ।
दृष्ट्वा वयं प्रव्यथिताः संभ्रान्ता नष्टचेतसः ॥३॥

3. mahaddhiraṇyā vivaraṃ praviṣṭāḥ sma pipāsitāḥ ,
imāṃstvevaṃ vidhānbhāvān vividhānadbhutopamān ,
dṛṣṭvā vayaṃ pravyathitāḥ saṃbhrāntā naṣṭacetasaḥ.

3. mahat hiraṇyā vivaram praviṣṭāḥ sma
pipāsitāḥ imān tu evam vidhān bhāvān
vividhān adbhutopamān dṛṣṭvā vayam
pravyathitāḥ saṃbhrāntāḥ naṣṭacetasaḥ

3. pipāsitāḥ vayam mahat hiraṇyā vivaram
praviṣṭāḥ sma tu imān evam vidhān
vividhān adbhutopamān bhāvān dṛṣṭvā vayam
pravyathitāḥ saṃbhrāntāḥ naṣṭacetasaḥ

3. Being thirsty, we entered a great cavity (or passage) filled with gold. But seeing these various things, wondrous to behold, we became greatly agitated, bewildered, and lost our senses.

Words meanings summery:

• महत् (mahat) - great (describing the cavity) (great, large, mighty)

• हिरण्या (hiraṇyā) - filled with gold (by gold, with gold)

• विवरम् (vivaram) - a cavity (or passage) (cavity, hole, opening)

• प्रविष्टाः (praviṣṭāḥ) - having entered (we) (entered, having entered)

• स्म (sma) - we were (implied verb 'as') ((particle indicating past tense with present verbs, or 'we were'))

• पिपासिताः (pipāsitāḥ) - being thirsty (thirsty, desirous to drink)

• इमान् (imān) - these (things) (these (masculine))

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, of this kind (thus, so, in this manner)

• विधान् (vidhān) - kinds (of things) (kinds, types, ways)

• भावान् (bhāvān) - things (objects/phenomena) (things, states, natures, beings)

• विविधान् (vividhān) - various (various, manifold)

• अद्भुतोपमान् (adbhutopamān) - wondrous to behold (wondrous-like, wonderfully resembling)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• वयम् (vayam) - we (Hanumān and his companions) (we)

• प्रव्यथिताः (pravyathitāḥ) - greatly agitated (greatly agitated, disturbed)

• संभ्रान्ताः (saṁbhrāntāḥ) - bewildered (bewildered, confused, agitated)

• नष्टचेतसः (naṣṭacetasaḥ) - lost our senses (having lost consciousness/senses/mind)

Words meanings and morphology

महत् (mahat) - great (describing the cavity) (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

From root mah (to be great).

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vivaram'.

हिरण्या (hiraṇyā) - filled with gold (by gold, with gold)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of hiraṇya

hiraṇya - gold, golden, wealth

Note: Used to indicate 'by means of' or 'containing'.

विवरम् (vivaram) - a cavity (or passage) (cavity, hole, opening)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vivara

vivara - opening, hole, cavity, fissure, passage

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Object of 'praviṣṭāḥ'.

प्रविष्टाः (praviṣṭāḥ) - having entered (we) (entered, having entered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, gone into, approached

Past Passive Participle

From root viś (to enter) with prefix pra-, and suffix -kta.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Acts predicatively for the subject 'vayam'.

स्म (sma) - we were (implied verb 'as') ((particle indicating past tense with present verbs, or 'we were'))

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, past (laṭ) of as

Present Active First Person Plural

From root as (to be), class 2. Used here with a past participle to form a past tense.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Past tense indicator.

पिपासिताः (pipāsitāḥ) - being thirsty (thirsty, desirous to drink)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pipāsita

pipāsita - thirsty, desirous to drink

Past Passive Participle (from desiderative root)

From desiderative stem of root pā (to drink).

Root: pā (class 1)

इमान् (imān) - these (things) (these (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Masculine accusative plural, agreeing with 'bhāvān'.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, of this kind (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'vidhān'.

विधान् (vidhān) - kinds (of things) (kinds, types, ways)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vidha

vidha - kind, sort, type, manner

Related to root dhā (to place) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Functions as an adjective here.

भावान् (bhāvān) - things (objects/phenomena) (things, states, natures, beings)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhāva

bhāva - being, existence, state, nature, thing, object

From root bhū (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

विविधान् (vividhān) - various (various, manifold)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, manifold, diverse

Compound of vi (apart) + vidha (kind).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vi+vidha)

• vi – apart, asunder, away
  indeclinable
• vidha – kind, sort, type, manner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Masculine accusative plural, agreeing with 'bhāvān'.

अद्भुतोपमान् (adbhutopamān) - wondrous to behold (wondrous-like, wonderfully resembling)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of adbhutopama

adbhutopama - wonderfully resembling, comparable to a wonder

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (adbhuta+upama)

• adbhuta – wonder, marvel, amazing
  noun (neuter)
• upama – resembling, comparable, similar
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Masculine accusative plural, agreeing with 'bhāvān'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dṛś (to see) with suffix -ktvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

वयम् (vayam) - we (Hanumān and his companions) (we)

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: First person nominative plural.

प्रव्यथिताः (pravyathitāḥ) - greatly agitated (greatly agitated, disturbed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pravyathita

pravyathita - greatly agitated, disturbed, pained

Past Passive Participle

From root vyath (to be agitated) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: vyath (class 1)

संभ्रान्ताः (saṁbhrāntāḥ) - bewildered (bewildered, confused, agitated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃbhrānta

saṁbhrānta - bewildered, confused, greatly agitated, hurried

Past Passive Participle

From root bhram (to wander, to be confused) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: bhram (class 1)

नष्टचेतसः (naṣṭacetasaḥ) - lost our senses (having lost consciousness/senses/mind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naṣṭacetas

naṣṭacetas - having lost consciousness, bewildered, senseless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (naṣṭa+cetas)

• naṣṭa – lost, destroyed, perished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root naś (to perish, be lost).
  Root: naś (class 4)
• cetas – mind, consciousness, intellect
  noun (neuter)

Note: Masculine nominative plural, agreeing with 'vayam'.