वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-50, verse-2

इदं प्रविष्टाः सहसा बिलं तिमिरसंवृतम् ।
क्षुत्पिपासा परिश्रान्ताः परिखिन्नाश्च सर्वशः ॥२॥

2. idaṃ praviṣṭāḥ sahasā bilaṃ timirasaṃvṛtam ,
kṣutpipāsā pariśrāntāḥ parikhinnāśca sarvaśaḥ.

2. idam praviṣṭāḥ sahasā bilam timirasaṃvṛtam
kṣutpipāsāpariśrāntāḥ parikhinnāḥ ca sarvaśaḥ

2. sahasā timirasaṃvṛtam idam bilam praviṣṭāḥ
kṣutpipāsāpariśrāntāḥ ca sarvaśaḥ parikhinnāḥ

2. Having suddenly entered this cave enveloped in darkness, we are completely exhausted by hunger and thirst and greatly distressed in every way.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this (cave) (this, here)

• प्रविष्टाः (praviṣṭāḥ) - having entered (we) (entered, having entered)

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly (suddenly, forcibly, quickly)

• बिलम् (bilam) - this cave (cave, hole, burrow)

• तिमिरसंवृतम् (timirasaṁvṛtam) - enveloped in darkness

• क्षुत्पिपासापरिश्रान्ताः (kṣutpipāsāpariśrāntāḥ) - exhausted by hunger and thirst

• परिखिन्नाः (parikhinnāḥ) - greatly distressed (greatly distressed, very sad)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely (entirely, completely, in every way)

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this (cave) (this, here)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Neuter accusative singular, agreeing with bilam.

प्रविष्टाः (praviṣṭāḥ) - having entered (we) (entered, having entered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, gone into, approached

Past Passive Participle

From root viś (to enter) with prefix pra-, and suffix -kta.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Used as an adjective describing the subjects, Hanumān and his group.

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly (suddenly, forcibly, quickly)

(indeclinable)

Instrumental singular of sahas (force) used as an adverb.

बिलम् (bilam) - this cave (cave, hole, burrow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bila

bila - hole, cave, opening, burrow

Note: Neuter accusative singular.

तिमिरसंवृतम् (timirasaṁvṛtam) - enveloped in darkness

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of timirasaṃvṛta

timirasaṁvṛta - covered/enveloped by darkness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (timira+saṃvṛta)

• timira – darkness, gloom
  noun (neuter)
• saṃvṛta – covered, enveloped, hidden
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vṛ (to cover) with prefix sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Neuter accusative singular, agreeing with bilam.

क्षुत्पिपासापरिश्रान्ताः (kṣutpipāsāpariśrāntāḥ) - exhausted by hunger and thirst

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣutpipāsāpariśrānta

kṣutpipāsāpariśrānta - completely tired/exhausted by hunger and thirst

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣut+pipāsā+pariśrānta)

• kṣut – hunger
  noun (feminine)
• pipāsā – thirst, desire to drink
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative from root pā (to drink).
  Root: pā (class 1)
• pariśrānta – exhausted, fatigued, worn out
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śram (to be weary) with prefix pari-.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Masculine nominative plural, agreeing with implied 'we'.

परिखिन्नाः (parikhinnāḥ) - greatly distressed (greatly distressed, very sad)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parikhinna

parikhinna - greatly distressed, sad, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

From root khid (to be distressed) with prefix pari-.

Prefix: pari

Root: khid (class 7)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely (entirely, completely, in every way)

(indeclinable)

From sarva with suffix -śaḥ.