वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-21, verse-7

यदयं न्यायदृष्टार्थः सामदानक्षमापरः ।
गतो धर्मजितां भूमिं नैनं शोचितुमर्हसि ॥७॥

7. yadayaṃ nyāyadṛṣṭārthaḥ sāmadānakṣamāparaḥ ,
gato dharmajitāṃ bhūmiṃ nainaṃ śocitumarhasi.

7. yat ayam nyāyadṛṣṭārthaḥ sāmadānakṣamāparaḥ |
gataḥ dharmajitām bhūmim na enam śocitum arhasi

7. yat ayam nyāyadṛṣṭārthaḥ sāmadānakṣamāparaḥ gataḥ dharmajitām bhūmim,
na enam śocitum arhasi

7. Because he, whose aims were aligned with justice and who was devoted to conciliation, charity, and forgiveness, has gone to the realm of those who have triumphed through natural law (dharma), you ought not to grieve for him.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - because (that, which, because, since)

• अयम् (ayam) - he (the deceased person) (this, this one)

• न्यायदृष्टार्थः (nyāyadṛṣṭārthaḥ) - whose aims were aligned with justice (one whose aims are just, one who perceives things justly, one whose purpose is seen through justice)

• सामदानक्षमापरः (sāmadānakṣamāparaḥ) - devoted to conciliation, charity, and forgiveness

• गतः (gataḥ) - has gone (gone, departed, reached)

• धर्मजिताम् (dharmajitām) - of those who have triumphed through natural law (dharma) (of those who have conquered righteousness/natural law, of those victorious through dharma)

• भूमिम् (bhūmim) - to the realm (to the earth, to the land, to the realm)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• एनम् (enam) - him (the deceased) (him, this one)

• शोचितुम् (śocitum) - to grieve (to grieve, to mourn, to lament)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - because (that, which, because, since)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अयम् (ayam) - he (the deceased person) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Masculine nominative singular.

न्यायदृष्टार्थः (nyāyadṛṣṭārthaḥ) - whose aims were aligned with justice (one whose aims are just, one who perceives things justly, one whose purpose is seen through justice)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nyāyadṛṣṭārtha

nyāyadṛṣṭārtha - one whose aims are just, one who perceives things justly, one whose purpose is seen through justice

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nyāya+dṛṣṭa+artha)

• nyāya – justice, rule, method, logical argument
  noun (masculine)
• dṛṣṭa – seen, observed, perceived
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Masculine nominative singular.

सामदानक्षमापरः (sāmadānakṣamāparaḥ) - devoted to conciliation, charity, and forgiveness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāmadānakṣamāpara

sāmadānakṣamāpara - devoted to conciliation, charity, and forgiveness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāma+dāna+kṣamā+para)

• sāma – conciliation, mildness, gentle means
  noun (neuter)
• dāna – gift, charity, donation
  noun (neuter)
• kṣamā – forgiveness, patience, endurance, earth
  noun (feminine)
• para – devoted to, intent on, supreme, other
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Masculine nominative singular.

गतः (gataḥ) - has gone (gone, departed, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, understood

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle in masculine nominative singular.

धर्मजिताम् (dharmajitām) - of those who have triumphed through natural law (dharma) (of those who have conquered righteousness/natural law, of those victorious through dharma)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharmajit

dharmajit - victorious through dharma, one who has conquered through righteousness

Compound of dharma and jit (from root ji, to conquer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jit)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, to sustain)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jit – victorious, conqueror
  adjective (masculine)
  root noun/agent noun
  Derived from root ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Masculine genitive plural.

भूमिम् (bhūmim) - to the realm (to the earth, to the land, to the realm)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, land, ground, realm, stage

Note: Feminine accusative singular.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

एनम् (enam) - him (the deceased) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him

Note: Masculine accusative singular.

शोचितुम् (śocitum) - to grieve (to grieve, to mourn, to lament)

(verb)

active, infinitive of śuc

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root śuc

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Infinitive.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

1st class verb

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Present indicative 2nd singular active.

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