वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-21, verse-6

यस्मिन् हरिसहस्राणि प्रयुतान्यर्बुदानि च ।
वर्तयन्ति कृतांशानि सो ऽयं दिष्टान्तमागतः ॥६॥

6. yasmin harisahasrāṇi prayutānyarbudāni ca ,
vartayanti kṛtāṃśāni so'yaṃ diṣṭāntamāgataḥ.

6. yasmin harisahastrāṇi prayutāni arbudāni ca |
vartayanti kṛtāṃśāni saḥ ayam diṣṭāntam āgataḥ

6. yasmin harisahastrāṇi prayutāni arbudāni ca kṛtāṃśāni vartayanti,
saḥ ayam diṣṭāntam āgataḥ

6. He, under whom thousands, millions, and tens of millions of monkeys served, having fulfilled their respective duties, has now reached the end of his destiny (death).

Words meanings summery:

• यस्मिन् (yasmin) - under whom (referring to a leader) (in whom, in which, for whom)

• हरिसहस्त्राणि (harisahastrāṇi) - thousands of monkeys

• प्रयुतानि (prayutāni) - millions

• अर्बुदानि (arbudāni) - tens of millions (tens of millions, crores, a huge number)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वर्तयन्ति (vartayanti) - they served (lit. they operated/functioned) (they exist, they operate, they function, they cause to be)

• कृतांशानि (kṛtāṁśāni) - having fulfilled their respective duties (whose share has been done/fulfilled, having completed their part)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the leader mentioned implicitly by 'yasmin') (he, that one)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (referring to the same leader) (this, this one)

• दिष्टान्तम् (diṣṭāntam) - end of his destiny (death) (end of destiny, death)

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - has reached (the end) (come, arrived, obtained)

Words meanings and morphology

यस्मिन् (yasmin) - under whom (referring to a leader) (in whom, in which, for whom)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Masculine locative singular.

हरिसहस्त्राणि (harisahastrāṇi) - thousands of monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of harisahasra

harisahasra - a thousand monkeys

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (hari+sahasra)

• hari – monkey, lion, Vishnu, Indra, sun, horse
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Neuter nominative/accusative plural.

प्रयुतानि (prayutāni) - millions

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of prayuta

prayuta - million, ten thousand (older usage)

Prefix: pra

Root: yu (class 2)

Note: Neuter nominative/accusative plural.

अर्बुदानि (arbudāni) - tens of millions (tens of millions, crores, a huge number)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of arbuda

arbuda - a crore (ten million), a myriad, a large number, a serpent

Note: Neuter nominative/accusative plural.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वर्तयन्ति (vartayanti) - they served (lit. they operated/functioned) (they exist, they operate, they function, they cause to be)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vṛt

1st class verb, here used in the causative sense or simply meaning 'to be active/function'

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Present indicative 3rd plural active.

कृतांशानि (kṛtāṁśāni) - having fulfilled their respective duties (whose share has been done/fulfilled, having completed their part)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of kṛtāṃśa

kṛtāṁśa - one whose share is done, having accomplished one's part/duty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+aṃśa)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• aṃśa – share, part, portion, duty
  noun (masculine)

Note: Neuter nominative/accusative plural, modifying 'harisahastrāṇi', 'prayutāni', 'arbudāni'.

सः (saḥ) - he (the leader mentioned implicitly by 'yasmin') (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine nominative singular.

अयम् (ayam) - this (referring to the same leader) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Masculine nominative singular.

दिष्टान्तम् (diṣṭāntam) - end of his destiny (death) (end of destiny, death)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of diṣṭānta

diṣṭānta - end of destiny, fated end, death

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (diṣṭa+anta)

• diṣṭa – destined, appointed, fate, destiny
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root diś (to point out, to appoint)
  Root: diś (class 6)
• anta – end, limit, boundary, death
  noun (masculine)

Note: Masculine accusative singular.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - has reached (the end) (come, arrived, obtained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam (to go) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle in masculine nominative singular.

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