वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-21, verse-1

ततो निपतितां तारां च्युतां तारामिवाम्बरात् ।
शनैराश्वासयामास हनूमान् हरियूथपः ॥१॥

1. tato nipatitāṃ tārāṃ cyutāṃ tārāmivāmbarāt ,
śanairāśvāsayāmāsa hanūmān hariyūthapaḥ.

1. tataḥ nipatitām tārām cyutām tārām iva ambarāt
śanaiḥ āśvāsayāmāsa hanūmān hariyūthapaḥ

1. tataḥ hariyūthapaḥ hanūmān ambarāt cyutām
tārām iva nipatitām tārām śanaiḥ āśvāsayāmāsa

1. Thereupon, Hanuman, the chief of the monkey army, slowly consoled Tara, who had fallen like a star dropped from the sky.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• निपतिताम् (nipatitām) - fallen down (referring to Tara, lying on the ground) (fallen down)

• ताराम् (tārām) - Tara, the wife of Vali, whom Hanuman consoled (Tara)

• च्युताम् (cyutām) - fallen (describing a star) (fallen, dropped)

• ताराम् (tārām) - a celestial star (used in simile) (a star)

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• अम्बरात् (ambarāt) - from the sky

• शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly, gradually

• आश्वासयामास (āśvāsayāmāsa) - Hanuman consoled Tara (he consoled, he comforted)

• हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanuman, the monkey chief (Hanuman)

• हरियूथपः (hariyūthapaḥ) - Hanuman, as the chief of the monkey army (chief of the monkey horde/army)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form

निपतिताम् (nipatitām) - fallen down (referring to Tara, lying on the ground) (fallen down)

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nipatita

nipatita - fallen down, descended

Past Passive Participle

From root pat (to fall) with upasarga ni

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

ताराम् (tārām) - Tara, the wife of Vali, whom Hanuman consoled (Tara)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tārā

tārā - Tara (proper name), a star, the pupil of the eye

Note: Refers to Queen Tara.

च्युताम् (cyutām) - fallen (describing a star) (fallen, dropped)

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cyuta

cyuta - fallen, dropped, deviated

Past Passive Participle

From root cyu (to move, fall)

Root: cyu (class 1)

ताराम् (tārām) - a celestial star (used in simile) (a star)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tārā

tārā - a star, Tara (proper name), the pupil of the eye

Note: Refers to a celestial star.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison

अम्बरात् (ambarāt) - from the sky

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ambara

ambara - sky, atmosphere, garment

शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly, gradually

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form (instrumental plural of śanas)

Root: śan

आश्वासयामास (āśvāsayāmāsa) - Hanuman consoled Tara (he consoled, he comforted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of āśvāsaya

Perfect, 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada (periphrastic perfect)

Causative of root śvas (to breathe, sigh) with upasarga ā, followed by auxiliary verb kṛ to form periphrastic perfect

Prefix: ā

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: This is a periphrastic perfect construction, āśvāsaya + āmāsa.

हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanuman, the monkey chief (Hanuman)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanūmat

hanūmat - Hanuman (name of a prominent Vanara deity)

Possessing a prominent jaw (hanu)

हरियूथपः (hariyūthapaḥ) - Hanuman, as the chief of the monkey army (chief of the monkey horde/army)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hariyūthapa

hariyūthapa - chief of the monkey army/horde

Compound noun

Compound type : Genitive Tatpurusha (hari+yūthapa)

• hari – monkey, lion, Vishnu
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• yūthapa – chief of a troop/horde
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'yūtha' (troop) and 'pa' (protector, chief)
  Root: pā (class 1)

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