वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-67, verse-5

कौसल्या च सुमित्रा च पुत्रशोकाभिपीडिते ।
दुष्करं यदि जीवेतां प्राप्य त्वां जननीं मम ॥५॥

5. kausalyā ca sumitrā ca putraśokābhipīḍite ,
duṣkaraṃ yadi jīvetāṃ prāpya tvāṃ jananīṃ mama.

5. kausalyā ca sumitrā ca putraśokābhipīḍite
duṣkaram yadi jīvetām prāpya tvām jananīm mama

5. putraśokābhipīḍite kausalyā ca sumitrā ca mama
jananīm tvām prāpya yadi jīvetām duṣkaram

5. It will be difficult for Kausalya and Sumitra, afflicted by grief for their sons, to live if they get you as my mother.

Words meanings summery:

• कौसल्या (kausalyā) - Kausalya (name of Rama's mother)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• सुमित्रा (sumitrā) - Sumitra (name of one of Dasharatha's wives)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• पुत्रशोकाभिपीडिते (putraśokābhipīḍite) - afflicted by grief for sons

• दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - it is difficult (difficult to do, arduous)

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case

• जीवेताम् (jīvetām) - they two would live

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - if they get, having found (having obtained, having reached)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

• जननीम् (jananīm) - mother

• मम (mama) - my (mother) (my, of me, to me)

Words meanings and morphology

कौसल्या (kausalyā) - Kausalya (name of Rama's mother)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kausalyā

kausalyā - Kausalya (Dasharatha's chief queen and Rama's mother)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

सुमित्रा (sumitrā) - Sumitra (name of one of Dasharatha's wives)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sumitrā

sumitrā - Sumitra (name of Dasharatha's wife and Lakshmana's and Shatrughna's mother)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

पुत्रशोकाभिपीडिते (putraśokābhipīḍite) - afflicted by grief for sons

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, dual of putraśokābhipīḍita

putraśokābhipīḍita - afflicted by grief for a son/sons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+śoka+abhipīḍita)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  From root śuc (to grieve).
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• abhipīḍita – afflicted, distressed, tormented
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root pīḍ (to oppress, to torment) with prefix abhi.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Refers to Kausalya and Sumitra.

दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - it is difficult (difficult to do, arduous)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult to do, hard to accomplish, arduous

Compound type : dur-tatpuruṣa (dus+kara)

• dus – bad, ill, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
• kara – making, doing, performing
  adjective (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to do, to make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

यदि (yadi) - if, in case

(indeclinable)

जीवेताम् (jīvetām) - they two would live

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of jīv

Optative

Third person dual, active voice. Root jīv (class 1).

Root: jīv (class 1)

प्राप्य (prāpya) - if they get, having found (having obtained, having reached)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra and suffix -ya.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

जननीम् (jananīm) - mother

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jananī

jananī - mother, producer, generator

From root jan (to produce, to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

मम (mama) - my (mother) (my, of me, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

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