वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-67, verse-4

कुलस्य त्वमभावाय कालरात्रिरिवागता ।
अङ्गारमुपगूह्य स्म पिता मे नावबुद्धवान् ॥४॥

4. kulasya tvamabhāvāya kālarātririvāgatā ,
aṅgāramupagūhya sma pitā me nāvabuddhavān.

4. kulasya tvam abhāvāya kālarātriḥ iva āgatā
aṅgāram upagūhya sma pitā me na avabuddhavān

4. tvam kulasya abhāvāya kālarātriḥ iva āgatā
me pitā aṅgāram upagūhya sma na avabuddhavān

4. You have arrived like the Night of Destruction (Kālarātri) for the ruin of our family. My father, by embracing an ember, indeed, did not realize (its destructive nature).

Words meanings summery:

• कुलस्य (kulasya) - of the family, of the lineage

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अभावाय (abhāvāya) - for the ruin, for the destruction (for the non-existence, for the destruction, for the absence)

• कालरात्रिः (kālarātriḥ) - Kālarātri (personified as an agent of destruction) (Night of Time, Night of Destruction, Kālarātri)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आगता (āgatā) - arrived, come, approached

• अङ्गारम् (aṅgāram) - an ember, a live coal

• उपगूह्य (upagūhya) - by embracing (figuratively, accepting or cherishing) (having embraced, having covered, having concealed)

• स्म (sma) - indeed (emphatic particle) (indeed, verily (past tense indicator))

• पिता (pitā) - father

• मे (me) - my (father) (my, of me, to me)

• न (na) - not, no

• अवबुद्धवान् (avabuddhavān) - did not realize (the danger) (having realized, having understood, having known)

Words meanings and morphology

कुलस्य (kulasya) - of the family, of the lineage

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, community, clan

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अभावाय (abhāvāya) - for the ruin, for the destruction (for the non-existence, for the destruction, for the absence)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of abhāva

abhāva - non-existence, absence, destruction, annihilation

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhāva)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• bhāva – existence, being, state, nature
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhū (to be, to become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

कालरात्रिः (kālarātriḥ) - Kālarātri (personified as an agent of destruction) (Night of Time, Night of Destruction, Kālarātri)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kālarātri

kālarātri - the night of doom, the night of universal destruction, a form of Durgā (Kālarātri)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+rātri)

• kāla – time, death
  noun (masculine)
• rātri – night
  noun (feminine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

आगता (āgatā) - arrived, come, approached

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached, happened

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

अङ्गारम् (aṅgāram) - an ember, a live coal

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aṅgāra

aṅgāra - charcoal, live coal, ember

उपगूह्य (upagūhya) - by embracing (figuratively, accepting or cherishing) (having embraced, having covered, having concealed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root gūh with prefix upa and suffix -ya.

Prefix: upa

Root: gūh (class 1)

स्म (sma) - indeed (emphatic particle) (indeed, verily (past tense indicator))

(indeclinable)

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

मे (me) - my (father) (my, of me, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अवबुद्धवान् (avabuddhavān) - did not realize (the danger) (having realized, having understood, having known)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avabuddhavat

avabuddhavat - having understood, having realized, having known

Past Active Participle

From root budh (to know, to understand) with prefix ava and suffix -vat (kṛt pratyaya).

Prefix: ava

Root: budh (class 1)

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