वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-67, verse-1

श्रुत्वा तु पितरं वृत्तं भ्रातरु च विवासितौ ।
भरतो दुःखसंतप्त इदं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. śrutvā tu pitaraṃ vṛttaṃ bhrātaru ca vivāsitau ,
bharato duḥkhasaṃtapta idaṃ vacanamabravīt.

1. śrutvā tu pitaram vṛttam bhrātarau ca vivāsitau
bharataḥ duḥkha-saṁtaptaḥ idam vacanam abravīt

1. tu bharataḥ pitaram vṛttam ca bhrātarau vivāsitau
śrutvā duḥkha-saṁtaptaḥ idam vacanam abravīt

1. Bharata, upon hearing of his father's passing and the exile of his two brothers, was deeply distressed by sorrow and spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• पितरम् (pitaram) - father

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - demise, what happened, occurrence

• भ्रातरौ (bhrātarau) - the two brothers

• च (ca) - and

• विवासितौ (vivāsitau) - exiled, banished (two of them)

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

• दुःख-संतप्तः (duḥkha-saṁtaptaḥ) - afflicted by sorrow, deeply distressed by misery

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from √śru (to hear) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

पितरम् (pitaram) - father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - demise, what happened, occurrence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - occurred, happened, passed; event, story, behavior

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛt (to turn, happen, exist); used substantively.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

भ्रातरौ (bhrātarau) - the two brothers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विवासितौ (vivāsitau) - exiled, banished (two of them)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of vivāsita

vivāsita - exiled, banished, driven away

Past Passive Participle

From the causative of √vas (to dwell) with prefix 'vi-', meaning 'to cause to go away, banish'.

Prefix: vi

Root: vas (class 10)

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (proper name, particularly a brother of Rama)

दुःख-संतप्तः (duḥkha-saṁtaptaḥ) - afflicted by sorrow, deeply distressed by misery

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhasaṁtapta

duḥkhasaṁtapta - distressed by sorrow, afflicted by misery

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+saṁtapta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, misery, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• saṁtapta – afflicted, distressed, tormented
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √tap (to heat, torment) with prefix 'sam-'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, declaration

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abravīt

Imperfect

3rd person singular imperfect active of √brū (to speak).

Root: brū (class 2)

Next Verse