वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-56, verse-3

अमनास्तेन शोकेन रामशोकेन च प्रभुः ।
दह्यमानस्तु शोकाभ्यां कौसल्यामाह भूपतिः ॥३॥

3. amanāstena śokena rāmaśokena ca prabhuḥ ,
dahyamānastu śokābhyāṃ kausalyāmāha bhūpatiḥ.

3. amanaḥ tena śokena rāmaśokena ca prabhuḥ
dahyamānaḥ tu śokābhyām kausalyām āha bhūpatiḥ

3. bhūpatiḥ prabhuḥ tena śokena rāmaśokena ca
amanaḥ śokābhyām dahyamānaḥ tu kausalyām āha

3. The king, bewildered by that grief (due to his promise) and by grief for Rama, being consumed by these two sorrows, spoke to Kausalyā.

Words meanings summery:

• अमनः (amanaḥ) - bewildered (due to intense grief) (distraught, bewildered, without a mind, senseless)

• तेन (tena) - by that (grief previously implied from context) (by that, with that)

• शोकेन (śokena) - by grief (by sorrow, by grief)

• रामशोकेन (rāmaśokena) - by the grief for Rama

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the king (Daśaratha) (master, lord, mighty, king, powerful)

• दह्यमानः (dahyamānaḥ) - being consumed (by sorrow) (being burned, being consumed, suffering)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• शोकाभ्याम् (śokābhyām) - by these two sorrows (the earlier mentioned ones) (by two sorrows, by both griefs)

• कौसल्याम् (kausalyām) - to Kausalya (Kausalya (accusative))

• आह (āha) - he spoke (he said, spoke)

• भूपतिः (bhūpatiḥ) - the king (Daśaratha) (king, lord of the earth)

Words meanings and morphology

अमनः (amanaḥ) - bewildered (due to intense grief) (distraught, bewildered, without a mind, senseless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amanas

amanas - without mind, senseless, distracted, bewildered

From 'a' (negation) + 'manas' (mind)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+manas)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• manas – mind, intellect, thought, intention
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'prabhuḥ' and 'bhūpatiḥ'.

तेन (tena) - by that (grief previously implied from context) (by that, with that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to a previously implied grief (from the context of Rāmāyaṇa, Daśaratha's promise to Kaikeyī).

शोकेन (śokena) - by grief (by sorrow, by grief)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation, distress

From root śuc (to grieve, burn)

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Agent of 'amanaḥ' (bewildered by grief).

रामशोकेन (rāmaśokena) - by the grief for Rama

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāmaśoka

rāmaśoka - grief for Rama

Compound of Rāma and Śoka

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāma+śoka)

• rāma – Rama (proper name); pleasant, charming
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation, distress
  noun (masculine)
  From root śuc (to grieve, burn)
  Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Paired with 'tena śokena' by 'ca'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects 'tena śokena' and 'rāmaśokena'.

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the king (Daśaratha) (master, lord, mighty, king, powerful)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - master, lord, king, powerful, mighty

From pra- + bhū (to be, become)

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence, refers to Daśaratha.

दह्यमानः (dahyamānaḥ) - being consumed (by sorrow) (being burned, being consumed, suffering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dahyamāna

dahyamāna - being burnt, consumed, suffering from (as if burning)

Present Passive Participle

Root dah (to burn) + śyan (4th class passive affix) + śānac (present passive participle suffix)

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'prabhuḥ' and 'bhūpatiḥ'.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing contrast or emphasis

Note: Emphasizes the state of being consumed.

शोकाभ्याम् (śokābhyām) - by these two sorrows (the earlier mentioned ones) (by two sorrows, by both griefs)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation, distress

From root śuc (to grieve, burn)

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Refers to the two griefs: that (Kaikeyī's boon) and for Rama.

कौसल्याम् (kausalyām) - to Kausalya (Kausalya (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kausalyā

kausalyā - Kausalya (proper name, wife of Daśaratha, mother of Rama)

Feminine noun ending in -ā

Note: Object of 'āha'.

आह (āha) - he spoke (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of āha

Perfect tense, third person singular

Irregular perfect form of root ah/brū

Root: ah / brū (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

भूपतिः (bhūpatiḥ) - the king (Daśaratha) (king, lord of the earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūpati

bhūpati - king, sovereign, lord of the earth

Compound of bhū (earth) + pati (lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhū+pati)

• bhū – earth, land, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband, owner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence, refers to Daśaratha.