वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-56, verse-13

शयमापतितः सोढुं प्रहरो रिपुहस्ततः ।
सोढुमापतितः शोकः सुसूक्ष्मो ऽपि न शक्यते ॥१३॥

13. śayamāpatitaḥ soḍhuṃ praharo ripuhastataḥ ,
soḍhumāpatitaḥ śokaḥ susūkṣmo'pi na śakyate.

13. śayam āpatitaḥ soḍhum praharaḥ ripuhastataḥ
soḍhum āpatitaḥ śokaḥ susūkṣmaḥ api na śakyate

13. ripuhastataḥ śayam āpatitaḥ praharaḥ soḍhum
āpatitaḥ susūkṣmaḥ api śokaḥ na śakyate

13. A destructive blow (prahara) from an enemy's hand can be endured. But grief (śoka) that has befallen, even if very subtle, cannot be borne.

Words meanings summery:

• शयम् (śayam) - causing destruction/death (adverbial or direct object of 'fallen') (destruction, ruin, death; lying down, bed)

• आपतितः (āpatitaḥ) - fallen, descended, happened, occurred

• सोढुम् (soḍhum) - to bear, to endure, to suffer

• प्रहरः (praharaḥ) - a blow (prahara) (a blow, stroke, assault, attack)

• रिपुहस्ततः (ripuhastataḥ) - from the hand of an enemy

• शोकः (śokaḥ) - grief (śoka) (sorrow, grief, lamentation)

• सुसूक्ष्मः (susūkṣmaḥ) - very subtle, extremely minute, delicate

• अपि (api) - also, even, perhaps; adds indefinite sense

• न (na) - not, no

• शक्यते (śakyate) - is able, is possible, can be done/endured

Words meanings and morphology

शयम् (śayam) - causing destruction/death (adverbial or direct object of 'fallen') (destruction, ruin, death; lying down, bed)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaya

śaya - lying down, resting, sleeping; death, destruction, ruin, calamity

From root 'śī' (to lie down)

Root: śī (class 2)

आपतितः (āpatitaḥ) - fallen, descended, happened, occurred

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpatita

āpatita - fallen, descended, come upon, occurred

Past Passive Participle

From root 'pat' (to fall) with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

सोढुम् (soḍhum) - to bear, to endure, to suffer

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of sah

Infinitive

From root 'sah' (to bear)

Root: sah (class 1)

प्रहरः (praharaḥ) - a blow (prahara) (a blow, stroke, assault, attack)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahara

prahara - a blow, stroke, attack, assault

From root 'hṛ' (to take) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first implied clause.

रिपुहस्ततः (ripuhastataḥ) - from the hand of an enemy

(indeclinable)

Compound ending in 'tas' suffix for ablative meaning.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ripu+hasta)

• ripu – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• hasta – hand, trunk (of an elephant)
  noun (masculine)

शोकः (śokaḥ) - grief (śoka) (sorrow, grief, lamentation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation, anguish

From root 'śuc' (to mourn, grieve, be sad)

Root: śuc

सुसूक्ष्मः (susūkṣmaḥ) - very subtle, extremely minute, delicate

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of susūkṣma

susūkṣma - very subtle, exceedingly minute, delicate

Compound of intensive prefix 'su' and 'sūkṣma'

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+sūkṣma)

• su – good, well, excellent, very
  indeclinable
• sūkṣma – subtle, minute, fine, delicate, refined
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'śokaḥ'.

अपि (api) - also, even, perhaps; adds indefinite sense

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शक्यते (śakyate) - is able, is possible, can be done/endured

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śak

Present Tense, Passive Voice, Third Person Singular

Root 'śak' (5th class 'śaknoti', but here passive form)

Root: śak (class 5)