वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-56, verse-11

जानामि धर्मं धर्मज्ञ त्वां जाने सत्यवादिनम् ।
पुत्रशोकार्तया तत्तु मया किमपि भाषितम् ॥११॥

11. jānāmi dharmaṃ dharmajña tvāṃ jāne satyavādinam ,
putraśokārtayā tattu mayā kimapi bhāṣitam.

11. jānāmi dharmam dharmajña tvām jāne satyavādinam
putraśokārtayā tat tu mayā kim api bhāṣitam

11. dharmajña dharmam jānāmi tvām satyavādinam jāne
tu putraśokārtayā mayā tat kim api bhāṣitam

11. O knower of natural law (dharma)! I understand your principles (dharma), and I know you to be a truthful person. However, tormented by the grief for my son, something or other was said by me.

Words meanings summery:

• जानामि (jānāmi) - I know, I understand

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - principles, constitution, natural law (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution)

• धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - O knower of natural law (dharma) (O knower of natural law, O righteous one)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• जाने (jāne) - I know, I understand

• सत्यवादिनम् (satyavādinam) - speaker of truth, truthful

• पुत्रशोकार्तया (putraśokārtayā) - by me, tormented by the grief for my son (by one afflicted by the sorrow of a son)

• तत् (tat) - that, that (thing)

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• मया (mayā) - by me

• किम् (kim) - what, anything

• अपि (api) - also, even, perhaps; adds indefinite sense

• भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - spoken, said

Words meanings and morphology

जानामि (jānāmi) - I know, I understand

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present Tense, Active Voice, First Person Singular

Root 'jñā', 9th class (kriyādi), parasmaipada

Root: jñā (class 9)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - principles, constitution, natural law (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution, essential nature, practice

Derived from 'dhṛ' 'to uphold, sustain'

Root: dhṛ

धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - O knower of natural law (dharma) (O knower of natural law, O righteous one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knowing natural law, conversant with duty, righteous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution, essential nature, practice
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ
• jña – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'jñā' (to know)
  Root: jñā

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

जाने (jāne) - I know, I understand

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present Tense, Middle Voice, First Person Singular

Root 'jñā', 9th class (kriyādi), ātmanepada (alternative usage)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Often used synonymously with 'jānāmi'.

सत्यवादिनम् (satyavādinam) - speaker of truth, truthful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of satyavādin

satyavādin - speaking truth, truthful

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaker, one who speaks, proponent
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from 'vad'
  Derived from root 'vad' (to speak)
  Root: vad

Note: Refers to 'you' (tvām).

पुत्रशोकार्तया (putraśokārtayā) - by me, tormented by the grief for my son (by one afflicted by the sorrow of a son)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of putraśokārta

putraśokārta - afflicted by the sorrow of a son

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+śoka+ārta)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'śuc' (to mourn, grieve)
  Root: śuc
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, tormented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'ṛ' (to go, move), with prefix 'ā'. Or 'ārt' (to oppress).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ

Note: Qualifies implied 'mayā' (by me).

तत् (tat) - that, that (thing)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the 'something' that was said.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (pronoun)

Note: Agent in passive construction ('bhāṣitam').

किम् (kim) - what, anything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, which?, who?, anything (interrogative/indefinite pronoun)

Note: Used with 'api' for 'anything'.

अपि (api) - also, even, perhaps; adds indefinite sense

(indeclinable)

भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - spoken, said

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhāṣita

bhāṣita - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

From root 'bhāṣ' (to speak)

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies an implied 'word' or 'thing'.