वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-43, verse-2

तथैव गच्छतस्तस्य व्यपायाद् रजनी शिवा ।
उपास्य स शिवां संध्यां विषयान्तं व्यगाहत ॥२॥

2. tathaiva gacchatastasya vyapāyād rajanī śivā ,
upāsya sa śivāṃ saṃdhyāṃ viṣayāntaṃ vyagāhata.

2. tathā eva gacchataḥ tasya vyapāyāt rajanī śivā
upāsya saḥ śivām sandhyām viṣayāntam vyagāhata

2. tathā eva gacchataḥ tasya śivā rajanī vyapāyāt.
saḥ śivām sandhyām upāsya viṣayāntam vyagāhata

2. Just as he continued on his way, the auspicious night passed. Having performed the auspicious twilight worship, he entered the limits of that region.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• गच्छतः (gacchataḥ) - of Rama, as he was traveling (of him going, of the one moving)

• तस्य (tasya) - of Rama (of him, his)

• व्यपायात् (vyapāyāt) - passed away, departed

• रजनी (rajanī) - night

• शिवा (śivā) - auspicious, benevolent, propitious

• उपास्य (upāsya) - having worshipped, having attended to

• सः (saḥ) - Rama (he)

• शिवाम् (śivām) - auspicious, benevolent

• सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - the morning twilight worship (twilight, junction period (between day and night))

• विषयान्तम् (viṣayāntam) - boundary of a region, end of a country

• व्यगाहत (vyagāhata) - he entered, he penetrated

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

गच्छतः (gacchataḥ) - of Rama, as he was traveling (of him going, of the one moving)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gacchat

gacchat - going, moving, proceeding

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root `gam` (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the subject (Rama) implicitly.

तस्य (tasya) - of Rama (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rama.

व्यपायात् (vyapāyāt) - passed away, departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of vyapā

Aorist tense, 3rd person singular

Derived from root `i` (to go) with prefixes `vi` and `apa`.

Prefixes: vi+apa

Root: i (class 2)

रजनी (rajanī) - night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rajanī

rajanī - night

शिवा (śivā) - auspicious, benevolent, propitious

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śiva

śiva - auspicious, propitious, benevolent, kind

Note: Modifies `rajanī`.

उपास्य (upāsya) - having worshipped, having attended to

(indeclinable participle)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

सः (saḥ) - Rama (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rama.

शिवाम् (śivām) - auspicious, benevolent

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śiva

śiva - auspicious, propitious, benevolent, kind

Note: Modifies `sandhyām`.

सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - the morning twilight worship (twilight, junction period (between day and night))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sandhyā

sandhyā - twilight, junction (of day and night), period of transition, prayer at twilight

From `sam-dhā` (to put together, to join).

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

विषयान्तम् (viṣayāntam) - boundary of a region, end of a country

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣayānta

viṣayānta - end or boundary of a country/region

Compound type : tatpurusha (viṣaya+anta)

• viṣaya – region, territory, object (of sense), sphere
  noun (masculine)
• anta – end, boundary, limit
  noun (masculine)

व्यगाहत (vyagāhata) - he entered, he penetrated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, aorist (luṅ) of vyagāh

Aorist tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice

Derived from root `gāh` (to plunge, enter) with prefix `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: gāh (class 1)