वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-43, verse-15

स तमध्वानमैक्ष्वाकः सूतं मधुरया गिरा ।
तं तमर्थमभिप्रेत्य ययौवाक्यमुदीरयन् ॥१५॥

15. sa tamadhvānamaikṣvākaḥ sūtaṃ madhurayā girā ,
taṃ tamarthamabhipretya yayauvākyamudīrayan.

15. saḥ tam adhvānam aikṣvākaḥ sūtam madhurayā girā
tam tam artham abhipretya yayau vākyam udīrayan

15. saḥ aikṣvākaḥ tam adhvānam yayau sūtam madhurayā
girā tam tam artham abhipretya vākyam udīrayan

15. As he, the scion of Ikṣvāku, traveled that path, he spoke to the charioteer in a sweet voice, uttering words that conveyed various relevant meanings (artham), having those intentions in mind.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he

• तम् (tam) - that (masculine)

• अध्वानम् (adhvānam) - path, way, road

• ऐक्ष्वाकः (aikṣvākaḥ) - Rāma, as a descendant of King Ikṣvāku (the scion of Ikṣvāku)

• सूतम् (sūtam) - charioteer

• मधुरया (madhurayā) - with sweet

• गिरा (girā) - with voice, with speech

• तम् (tam) - that (masculine)

• तम् (tam) - that (masculine)

• अर्थम् (artham) - meaning, purpose, object, topic

• अभिप्रेत्य (abhipretya) - having intended, having understood, having in mind

• ययौ (yayau) - he went, he departed

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

• उदीरयन् (udīrayan) - uttering, speaking

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तम् (tam) - that (masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अध्वानम् (adhvānam) - path, way, road

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adhvan

adhvan - road, path, journey, space

ऐक्ष्वाकः (aikṣvākaḥ) - Rāma, as a descendant of King Ikṣvāku (the scion of Ikṣvāku)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aikṣvāka

aikṣvāka - descendant of Ikṣvāku

taddhita derivation from Ikṣvāku

सूतम् (sūtam) - charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, one born from a kṣatriya father and brāhmaṇa mother

from root sū (to impel, to drive)

Root: sū (class 2)

मधुरया (madhurayā) - with sweet

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of madhura

madhura - sweet, pleasant, charming, delightful

गिरा (girā) - with voice, with speech

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gir

gir - voice, speech, word

तम् (tam) - that (masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used repetitively (tam tam) to mean 'each respective'

तम् (tam) - that (masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used repetitively (tam tam) to mean 'each respective'

अर्थम् (artham) - meaning, purpose, object, topic

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, object, thing, wealth

अभिप्रेत्य (abhipretya) - having intended, having understood, having in mind

(indeclinable)

absolutive

root i (to go) with prefixes abhi and pra, suffix -ya (absolutive)

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: i (class 2)

ययौ (yayau) - he went, he departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of √yā

Perfect Tense

root yā (to go); 3rd person singular active

Root: yā (class 2)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, statement

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

उदीरयन् (udīrayan) - uttering, speaking

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ud-√īr

ud-√īr - to utter, to speak, to emit, to raise

Present Active Participle

root īr (to move, to send forth) with prefix ud; nominative singular masculine

Prefix: ud

Root: īr (class 10)

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