वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-43, verse-7

एता वाचो मनुष्याणां ग्रामसंवासवासिनाम् ।
शृण्वन्नतिययौ वीरः कोसलान् कोसलेश्वरः ॥७॥

7. etā vāco manuṣyāṇāṃ grāmasaṃvāsavāsinām ,
śṛṇvannatiyayau vīraḥ kosalān kosaleśvaraḥ.

7. etāḥ vācaḥ manuṣyāṇām grāmasaṃvāsavāsinām
śṛṇvan atiyayau vīraḥ kosalān kosaleśvaraḥ

7. grāmasaṃvāsavāsinām manuṣyāṇām etāḥ vācaḥ
śṛṇvan vīraḥ kosaleśvaraḥ kosalān atiyayau

7. Hearing these words from the people dwelling in the villages, the heroic lord of Kosala (Rama) passed beyond the Kosala region.

Words meanings summery:

• एताः (etāḥ) - these

• वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speech, voice

• मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of men, of human beings

• ग्रामसंवासवासिनाम् (grāmasaṁvāsavāsinām) - of those dwelling in villages, of village residents

• शृण्वन् (śṛṇvan) - While hearing (Rama) (hearing, listening)

• अतिययौ (atiyayau) - he went beyond, he passed over, he crossed

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - The hero (Rama) (hero, brave man, warrior)

• कोसलान् (kosalān) - the Kosalas (region/people)

• कोसलेश्वरः (kosaleśvaraḥ) - The lord of Kosala (Rama) (lord of Kosala)

Words meanings and morphology

एताः (etāḥ) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Qualifies "vācaḥ".

वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speech, voice

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - word, speech, voice, language

मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of men, of human beings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - man, human being, person

Note: Qualifies "grāmasaṃvāsavāsinām".

ग्रामसंवासवासिनाम् (grāmasaṁvāsavāsinām) - of those dwelling in villages, of village residents

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of grāmasaṃvāsavāsin

grāmasaṁvāsavāsin - one who dwells in a village, village resident

Compound (grāma-saṃvāsa-vāsin)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (grāmasaṃvāsa+vāsin)

• grāmasaṃvāsa – village dwelling, residence in a village
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of grāma and saṃvāsa
• vāsin – dwelling, residing, resident
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from √vas
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Qualifies "manuṣyāṇām".

शृण्वन् (śṛṇvan) - While hearing (Rama) (hearing, listening)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śṛṇvat

śṛṇvat - hearing, listening

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of √śru

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Qualifies "vīraḥ" and "kosaleśvaraḥ".

अतिययौ (atiyayau) - he went beyond, he passed over, he crossed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of atyā

Perfect Tense

Perfect 3rd singular of ati-√i

Prefix: ati

Root: i (class 2)

वीरः (vīraḥ) - The hero (Rama) (hero, brave man, warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior, chief

Note: Refers to Rama.

कोसलान् (kosalān) - the Kosalas (region/people)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kosala

kosala - Kosala (ancient Indian kingdom), a resident of Kosala

Note: Direct object of "atiyayau".

कोसलेश्वरः (kosaleśvaraḥ) - The lord of Kosala (Rama) (lord of Kosala)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kosaleśvara

kosaleśvara - lord of Kosala

Tatpuruṣa compound (Kosala + īśvara)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kosala+īśvara)

• kosala – Kosala (ancient Indian kingdom)
  proper noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  From √īś
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Refers to Rama.