वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-36, verse-8

स तमन्तःपुरे घोरमार्तशब्दं महीपतिः ।
पुत्रशोकाभिसंतप्तः श्रुत्वा चासीत् सुदुःखितः ॥८॥

8. sa tamantaḥpure ghoramārtaśabdaṃ mahīpatiḥ ,
putraśokābhisaṃtaptaḥ śrutvā cāsīt suduḥkhitaḥ.

8. saḥ tam antaḥpure ghoram ārtśabdam mahīpatiḥ
putraśokābhisaṃtaptaḥ śrutvā ca āsīt suduḥkhitaḥ

8. saḥ mahīpatiḥ putraśokābhisaṃtaptaḥ antaḥpure
tam ghoram ārtśabdam śrutvā ca suduḥkhitaḥ āsīt

8. Having heard that terrible cry of distress in the inner chambers, the king (mahīpatiḥ), already deeply tormented by grief for his son, became exceedingly sorrowful.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• तम् (tam) - that

• अन्तःपुरे (antaḥpure) - in the inner apartment, in the harem, in the gynaeceum

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, awful

• आर्त्शब्दम् (ārtśabdam) - cry of distress, lamentation

• महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - King Daśaratha (king, lord of the earth)

• पुत्रशोकाभिसंतप्तः (putraśokābhisaṁtaptaḥ) - greatly afflicted/tormented by sorrow for his son

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• च (ca) - and, also

• आसीत् (āsīt) - he was, he became

• सुदुःखितः (suduḥkhitaḥ) - very sorrowful, deeply distressed

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those; he, she, it, they

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those; he, she, it, they

अन्तःपुरे (antaḥpure) - in the inner apartment, in the harem, in the gynaeceum

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of antaḥpura

antaḥpura - inner apartment, harem, gynaeceum

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (antar+pura)

• antar – inside, internal, within
  indeclinable
• pura – city, fortress, house
  noun (neuter)

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, awful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, formidable, awful

आर्त्शब्दम् (ārtśabdam) - cry of distress, lamentation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārtśabda

ārtśabda - cry of distress, lamentation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ārta+śabda)

• ārta – distressed, afflicted, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'ṛ' (to go, to move) with prefix 'ā' (implying 'afflicted')
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)
• śabda – sound, word, cry
  noun (masculine)

महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - King Daśaratha (king, lord of the earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, lord of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband, ruler
  noun (masculine)

पुत्रशोकाभिसंतप्तः (putraśokābhisaṁtaptaḥ) - greatly afflicted/tormented by sorrow for his son

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putraśokābhisaṃtapta

putraśokābhisaṁtapta - tormented by grief for a son

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+śoka+abhisaṃtapta)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• abhisaṃtapta – greatly heated, tormented, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'tap' (to heat, suffer) with prefixes 'abhi' and 'sam'
  Prefixes: abhi+sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - he was, he became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

सुदुःखितः (suduḥkhitaḥ) - very sorrowful, deeply distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suduḥkhita

suduḥkhita - very unhappy, deeply sorrowful, greatly grieved

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+duḥkhita)

• su – well, good, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• duḥkhita – grieved, distressed, sorrowful
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'duḥkh' (to suffer pain)
  Root: duḥkh (class 10)