वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-36, verse-1

तस्मिंस्तु पुरुषव्याघ्रे निष्क्रामति कृताञ्जलौ ।
आर्तशब्दो हि संजज्ञे स्त्रीणामन्तःपुरे महान् ॥१॥

1. tasmiṃstu puruṣavyāghre niṣkrāmati kṛtāñjalau ,
ārtaśabdo hi saṃjajñe strīṇāmantaḥpure mahān.

1. tasmin tu puruṣavyāghre niṣkrāmati kṛtāñjalau
ārtaśabdaḥ hi saṃjajñe strīṇām antaḥpure mahān

1. tu tasmin puruṣavyāghre kṛtāñjalau niṣkrāmati,
hi strīṇām antaḥpure mahān ārtaśabdaḥ saṃjajñe.

1. But when that tiger among men (puruṣavyāghra) was departing, with hands folded in reverence (kṛtāñjali), indeed, a great cry of distress arose from the women in the inner palace.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that, at that time

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• पुरुषव्याघ्रे (puruṣavyāghre) - in Rama, the foremost among men (in the tiger among men, to the best of men)

• निष्क्रामति (niṣkrāmati) - in the departing, as he departs

• कृताञ्जलौ (kṛtāñjalau) - with folded hands (in reverence)

• आर्तशब्दः (ārtaśabdaḥ) - a cry of distress, a lamentation

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• संजज्ञे (saṁjajñe) - arose, was born, originated

• स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

• अन्तःपुरे (antaḥpure) - in the inner palace, in the women's quarters

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, loud

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that, at that time

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

पुरुषव्याघ्रे (puruṣavyāghre) - in Rama, the foremost among men (in the tiger among men, to the best of men)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - a tiger among men, chief of men (an epithet for a great man, often Rama)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, person, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

निष्क्रामति (niṣkrāmati) - in the departing, as he departs

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of niṣkrāmant

niṣkrāmant - departing, going out

Present Active Participle

From 'nis-√kram' (to go out, depart)

Prefix: nis

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with 'tasmin' and 'kṛtāñjalau'.

कृताञ्जलौ (kṛtāñjalau) - with folded hands (in reverence)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṛtāñjali

kṛtāñjali - having hands folded (in salutation/reverence)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+añjali)

• kṛta – made, done
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From '√kṛ' (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• añjali – the hollow of the joined hands, respectful salutation with folded hands
  noun (masculine)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with 'tasmin' and 'niṣkrāmati'.

आर्तशब्दः (ārtaśabdaḥ) - a cry of distress, a lamentation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārtaśabda

ārtaśabda - a sound of distress, lamentation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ārta+śabda)

• ārta – distressed, suffering, afflicted
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'ā-√ṛ' (to go) or from '√ārt' (to suffer)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)
• śabda – sound, word, noise
  noun (masculine)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

संजज्ञे (saṁjajñe) - arose, was born, originated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of saṃjan

Prefix: sam

Root: jan (class 4)

स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, wife

अन्तःपुरे (antaḥpure) - in the inner palace, in the women's quarters

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of antaḥpura

antaḥpura - inner palace, women's apartments, harem

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (antar+pura)

• antar – inside, within
  indeclinable
• pura – city, fortress, palace
  noun (neuter)

महान् (mahān) - great, large, loud

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large

Note: Qualifies 'ārtaśabdaḥ'.

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